Process for production of water-soluble (meth)acrylic polymers, water-soluble (meth)acrylic polymers

专利摘要:
The present invention provides a method for preparing a water-soluble (meth) acrylic acid polymer having a content of neutralized groups of 90 mol% or less with respect to the total of free acid groups and neutralized groups, and at least 50 mol% with respect to the total of monomers used for polymerization. And a photopolymerization step of polymerizing monomer components by irradiating near-ultraviolet rays to a reaction solution containing a monomer component containing a (meth) acrylic acid-based monomer in an amount, a photopolymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, and a polymerization solvent, wherein the reaction solution at the time of polymerization. The manufacturing method which adjusts the density | concentration of the monomer in the density | concentration to 40-97 mass%.
公开号:KR20040062434A
申请号:KR10-2003-7010342
申请日:2002-12-06
公开日:2004-07-07
发明作者:시오지쇼르부；이시까와마사루
申请人:가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Process for producing water-soluble (meth) acrylic acid polymer, water-soluble (meth) acrylic acid polymer and uses thereof {PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF WATER-SOLUBLE (METH)
[2] The (meth) acrylic acid-based polymers exhibit effects such as cohesiveness and thickening and are used in the pharmaceutical field as an ointment base material for improving the adhesion and water retention ability of fomentation and cataplasm. In the field of paints, these polymers are used as carpet compound thickeners and paint thickeners or tackifiers or adhesion improvers. In the production process, it has been applied to various uses as a red mud precipitate in the production of alumina and as a flocculant for brine purification in the soda industry. In the field of civil engineering and construction, these polymers are used as excavated soil treating agents, dredged soil treating agents and mud modifiers. For example, the excavation soil treating agent containing the (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer is used to solidify in order to reuse the hydrous soil generated from the excavation work. They are also used in other general industrial fields as hygroscopics, desiccants, surface modifiers and various thickeners.
[3] Since (meth) acrylic acid-based polymers can be used in such useful applications, various studies have been conducted to improve their performance characteristics.
[4] On the other hand, the research on the method of preparing a (meth) acrylic acid type polymer by photopolymerization was also performed. Regarding the above technique, JP-A-48-58079 (JP-A-56-15808) discloses a method for obtaining low molecular weight acrylic acid polymers and copolymers by photopolymerization. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 48-58079 cited above describes an example in which methanol is added as a chain transfer agent and, when polymerization occurs, photopolymerization is performed at a concentration of about 60% by weight to about 80% by weight of the monomers used. Doing. However, the main component of the monomer composition used is acrylamide, and acrylic acid, one of the (meth) acrylic acid monomers, is used in an amount of only a few%; The manufacturing technique relates to a water soluble polymer different from the water soluble polymer to be provided by the present invention. In addition, the polymers disclosed in the above cited publications are not polymers with sufficient physical properties intended for use as excavated soil treating agents or poultice additives.
[5] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-155405 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-53804), Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 61-155406 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-32410), Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 10-231309 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-228609 discloses a method for producing a water-soluble polymer by photopolymerization, respectively. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-231309 cited above can prevent rapid generation of heat generation and reaction, for example, when reducing the amount of photopolymerization initiator, and as a result, a polymer having a thickness of 30 mm or more It is disclosed that gels can be produced. The monomer composition used here mainly contains acrylamide with trace amount of acrylic acid, similar to the method of JP-A-48-58079. Thus, the polymers disclosed in this publication differ from the water soluble polymers the present invention is intended to provide; The polymer is not a polymer having sufficient physical properties for use as an excavation earth treatment agent or poultice additive. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-231308 (filed by the same applicant as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-231309) discloses a technique for reducing heat generation during polymerization by using an acylphosphine oxide as a photopolymerization initiator. . Since the main component to be polymerized according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-231308 is acrylamide and the amount of acrylic acid is small, the resulting polymer is different from the water-soluble polymer provided in the present invention. These publications do not disclose the use of chain transfer agents.
[6] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 11-228609 cited above describes a method of cooling the monomer aqueous solution by covering the monomer aqueous solution with an optical transparent film as an effective cooling method during polymerization. Although this publication describes a manner in which the monomer concentration during the use of the chain transfer agent and the photopolymerization is 25% to 80% by weight, the main embodiment relates to the polymerization of acrylamide and dimethylaminoethyl acrylate; This technique does not relate to the polymerization method of the monomer composition mainly containing acrylic acid. Although an embodiment of using acrylic acid is described in part, no chain transfer agent is used there, and the concentration in the polymerization step is as low as 35%; It is not disclosed with respect to the desired physical properties of the acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer to be provided by the present invention. In addition, with respect to the acrylamide polymer which is a polymer used as a soil treating agent or a poultice agent additive, the toxicity of acrylamide which may remain after polymerization becomes a problem, and this tends to limit the use of the polymer. Water soluble polymer technology, which is the subject of the above cited publications, is problematic in this respect.
[7] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 61-155405 and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 61-155406 also likewise disclose a method of photopolymerizing on a belt using acrylamide monomers. Regarding the monomer concentration in the reaction mixture to be polymerized, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-155405 describes a concentration range of 20 to 45% by weight. However, as in the other publications discussed above, each technique relates to the preparation of acrylamide polymers, ie, to a polymer different from the water soluble polymer of the invention obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition comprising acrylic acid as a main component. .
[8] In addition, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62-156102 (corresponding to US Pat. No. 4,857,610 and US Pat. No. 4,893,999) is a water-soluble monomer (s), typically (meth) acrylic acid, acrylamide, acrylamide methylpropanesulfonic acid, and / Or a technique of polymerization by feeding dimethylaminomethyl acrylate onto a belt under light irradiation. The publication describes a continuous polymerization mode using a belt polymerization apparatus having a special form and structure, and with regard to the concentration of water soluble monomers in the reaction mixture, the specification of the publication describes a range of 16 to 60% by weight. However, no chain transfer agent is used. Thus, the physical properties of the resulting water soluble polymers do not exceed levels customary in the art. The polymerization method disclosed in the said Example does not include any polymerization method which uses (meth) acrylic acid monomer as a main monomer component especially, and sets the said monomer concentration to high level. Accordingly, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62-156102 does not describe any specific conditions regarding the production of a water-soluble (meth) acrylic acid polymer having improved physical properties to be provided by the present invention. The publication does not contain any description of the specific use of the water-soluble polymer as a digging soil treatment agent and a poultice agent additive.
[9] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 52-47084 discloses a method of addition-mixing a water-soluble monomer or a monomer mixture alone or with an inert material which is not polymerizable, and then radically polymerizes or copolymerizes under UV irradiation. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 55-50002 discloses a radical polymerization or radical copolymerization method in which the polymerization method is adjusted by increasing the ultraviolet irradiation intensity with time. However, the water soluble polymer described in the above cited publication is an acrylamide polymer, which is different from the water soluble polymer provided by the present invention. Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 52-126494 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-12445) continuously supplies an aqueous solution of acrylic acid monomer (s) on a support to deposit the solution as a thin layer, and the liquid thin layer. A method for producing a high molecular weight water soluble acrylic acid polymer comprising irradiating radiant radiation at a specific average power to a is disclosed. Although the concentration of the monomer at the time of polymerization is preferably 20 to 60% by weight on page 4 of the above specification, the water-soluble polymers disclosed in the examples are entirely in completely neutralized form, i.e., 100% of each water-soluble polymer. It is disclosed to be in the form resulting from the complete neutralization of the acid groups. Therefore, there is no specific description of the partially neutralized or unneutralized water-soluble (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer to be provided by the present invention. The polymers described in this publication are acrylamide polymers different from the polymers to which the present invention is intended to provide.
[10] Further, according to the above technique, since the exposure intensity is increased after the initiation of the polymerization, a polymer capable of sufficiently exhibiting useful effects in various applications while inhibiting uncontrollable polymerization due to occurrence of an abnormal reaction and increasing the stability of the method. There is room for research in which the light intensity must be adjusted appropriately so that can be produced.
[11] Regarding the technology of an excavation earth treatment agent using a (meth) acrylic acid polymer, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-81886 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-2478) includes a (meth) acrylamide (co) polymer and gypsum. A water-based soil hardener is disclosed, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-345685 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2529785) is a water-containing containing carboxyl group-containing, water-soluble polymer such as sodium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, and gypsum. Modifiers for sexual soils are disclosed. However, the use of acrylamide polymers according to the above technique is very limited due to the toxicity of residual monomers (acrylamides). Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-31514 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-44097) discloses a method for treating excavated soil using a specific water-soluble synthetic polymer material. The water soluble polymer material is very stable, but a relatively large amount of water soluble polymer material is required to solidify the excavated soil, and therefore an improvement is needed in this respect. In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-176638 discloses a modifier for water-containing soil comprising an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid and / or a salt thereof. Although the modifiers in which polyacrylic acid is used are relatively highly appreciated, when the modifiers are used in a low amount of addition, there is room for further study to improve their performance characteristics.
[12] More specifically, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 9-176638 cited above discloses, in Example 1, a species of polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 800,000, having a degree of neutralization of 0%. It does not describe polyacrylic acid obtained by the production process nor does it describe insoluble content or other data. In addition, the water-soluble polymers disclosed in Examples 1 and 5 of the above publications do not have very high soil treatability; This is presumably due to the low molecular weight of the polymer. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-176638 cited above, when preparing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer by photopolymerization, the insoluble content can only be reduced when increasing the monomer concentration and using a chain transfer agent. Rather, it is included in any description regarding the fact that the intrinsic viscosity (or weight average inertia radius) can be increased, and that the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer obtained by the above production method can exhibit important water treatment performance characteristics. I'm not doing it.
[13] Regarding the description of the poultice additive, fully neutralized forms of polymers such as poly (sodium acrylate) have been used so far. However, the poultices obtained using these fully neutralized polymers have low adhesion or tack, and thus problems such as the poultices dropping or drying out from the application site occur. In order to overcome this problem, JP-A-61-260014 proposes, for example, the use of partially neutralized polyacrylic acid salts. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 62-63512 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-6533) proposes a combination of poly (sodium acrylate) and non-neutralized polyacrylic acid in a completely neutralized form. In addition, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-53346 proposes the use of polyacrylic acid in a non-neutralized form as an additive. The additives according to the above technique have been relatively highly evaluated in terms of adhesion, but when they are used in the preparation of the poultice agent, the shape preservation is not sufficient, and thus there is room for improvement in this regard. Thus, there is room for research to ensure that the (meth) acrylic acid-based polymers used as humectant additives provide satisfactory high levels of adhesion and shape preservation. As used herein, the term "shape preservation" refers to the elasticity of the substrate of the poultice agent formulation, and thus, for example, the degree of ease at which the recesses made on the surface of the poultice agent substrate, using a finger or the like, are restored to their original shape. Reference is made to the physical properties indicated.
[14] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-212222 discloses a partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer, characterized at an intrinsic viscosity and an insoluble content (ion exchange water-insoluble content) in deionized water at 30 ° C. Such (meth) acrylic acid-based polymers may exhibit effects as flocculants and thickeners that can be used as excavated soil treating agents and poultice additives. However, the polymerization method disclosed in this publication is a thermal polymerization method. There is no disclosure of photopolymerization in this publication. In particular, in the photopolymerization process for preparing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, in which the polymerization is carried out using a reaction mixture containing (meth) acrylic acid-based monomer (s) at a specific or higher concentration in the presence of a chain transfer agent. It is not mentioned at all. The water-soluble polymers disclosed in this publication have a degree of neutralization of 20 to 95 mol% (content of neutralized groups contained in the water-soluble polymers defined in the present application) and have a low degree of neutralization. In particular, there is no specific description or suggestion regarding the acidic water-soluble polymer having a low degree of neutralization, specifically, a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%.
[15] When a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a low degree of neutralization and a high molecular weight is produced by the thermal polymerization method described in the above-cited publication, the gel-type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is used in various other devices such as polymerization apparatus and gel mill. It is thought to be attached to. Thus, there is room for research on manufacturing them in a more stable manner on an industrial scale. Also, for example, the residual monomer content of the obtained gelled polymer will increase, and since the polymer is in a state of being easily crosslinked, problems such as an increase in insoluble content are expected. Therefore, there is room for research in order to make it possible to produce a water-soluble polymer having a low degree of neutralization in a stable manner on an industrial scale by applying the polymerization method.
[16] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of 20 to 95 mol% has low adhesion compared to the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%, but more stably on an industrial scale. In order to produce a water-soluble polymer having a high molecular weight, the thermal polymerization method described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-212222, cited above, is open to research.
[17] [Overview of invention]
[18] The object of the present invention made in view of the above-mentioned phenomena of the prior art is to provide a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a high intrinsic viscosity (or weight average inertia radius) and an insoluble content suppressed, bumping and other uncontrollable It is to provide a method for producing effectively while inhibiting the adverse reaction. Another object is to exhibit excellent cohesive effect and thickening effect as compared to the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer prepared by the prior art method, and thus can be suitably applied in various fields, when used as an excavation soil treatment agent, (Meth) acrylic acid type which is remarkable in stability and can change hydrous soil to high strength and easy handling even at low addition amount, and can provide high adhesion and shape preservation when used as a poultice additive. It is to provide a water-soluble polymer. Another object is to provide an excavation earth treatment agent and a poultice agent additive containing the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer.
[19] The inventors have conducted various studies on the preparation method of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, and as a result, monomers containing at least 50 mol% of (meth) acrylic acid-based monomers relative to 100% of the total monomer components polymerized. In the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer from the component, the concentration of the monomer component in the reaction mixture to be polymerized is adjusted to a specific specific value or more, and further photopolymerized under irradiation with near ultraviolet rays using a chain transfer agent. In the case of using the production method of polymerization, it has been found that the polymerization time can be shortened compared to the conventional method, that is, the thermal polymerization method, and that the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be produced in an effective manner.
[20] In addition, the present inventors found that even when the polymerization temperature is lowered, the polymerization proceeds smoothly and heat is removed, so that a high concentration can be produced. In addition, the inventors of the present invention improve the productivity, and the intrinsic viscosity or the weight average inertia radius are sufficiently high, so that the basic performance characteristics of the polymer is improved, and the obtained polymer has a low insoluble content. Found that they could be solved successfully.
[21] In addition, the inventors have found that when starting polymerization under irradiation with near-ultraviolet light of a certain strength, the basic performance characteristics of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be further improved, and the insoluble content can be further reduced. did. In addition, the present inventors, in the photopolymerization practice using the monomer composition having a (meth) acrylic acid monomer fraction of 100 mol%, after the photopolymerization is started, when the (meth) acrylic acid monomer is present within a specific specific concentration range in the polymerization system, Inherent viscosity of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer when the light irradiation intensity is lowered than the near-ultraviolet rays used for initiation of polymerization, or when it is repeatedly changed to show a strong / weak (including a state of zero light intensity) cycle. (Or weight average inertia radius) can be increased, its insoluble content can be suppressed, and bumping and other adverse reactions can be avoided, so that the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be efficiently produced. Found that.
[22] The present inventors also conducted various studies to explore (meth) acrylic acid-based polymers capable of exhibiting coagulation and thickening effects. As a result, the sum of the acid groups and neutralized groups of the corresponding (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers is 100%. When expressed in mol%, it was noted that a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a content of a group in a neutralized state (hereinafter referred to as a degree of neutralization) of less than 20 mol% is suitable for exhibiting an aggregation effect and a thickening effect, The inventors have found that when the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer is high and within a certain range, the cohesive and thickening effects can be satisfactorily improved thanks to the high intrinsic viscosity. (Meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers having a content of neutralized groups of less than 20 mol% are also referred to herein as "acidic (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers". In addition, the present inventors have found that the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer prepared by the above production method is suitable as the acid-type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer.
[23] In addition, the present inventors of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer produced by the above production method, when the total of the acid group and the neutralized group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is represented by 100 mol%, (Meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers having a content of groups of 20 to 80 mol% and having a specific weight average inertia radius can provide excellent effects as excavated soil treating agent and poultice additive in many of the applications described above. found. (Meth) acrylic acid based polymers having a content of neutralized groups of 20 to 80 mol% are also referred to as "partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers". The inventors also note that the properties, weight average inertia radii that are of particular note above are very clear criteria for selecting partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers for use in improving the intended use, namely the excavation earth treatment agent or poultice agent additive. I found that.
[24] General means for indicating the size of the polymer molecules include weight average inertia radius and intrinsic viscosity. The weight average inertia radius is an indication of the approximate size of produced sand globules when the polymer is shaped like a thread ball under certain conditions. On the other hand, intrinsic viscosity is indirectly representing the length of a molecule in a linear stretched state under certain conditions. In essence, they are very different from each other. As mentioned above, the inventors have found that partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers having specific weight average inertia radii and meeting specific requirements can exhibit excellent effects as excavating earth treatment and poultice additives. .
[25] In addition, the inventors also found that, as the deionized water insoluble content of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is reduced, thanks to the reduced insoluble content, the product quality thereof is improved, and at the same time, the polymer further achieves the desired effect. We found that we could provide enough. In addition, the present inventors obtained from polymerization of a monomer composition in which the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer contains 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (salt) and 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (salt). It has been found that after complete neutralization, the intrinsic viscosity or weight average inertia radius can be increased or the insoluble content can be further reduced. This finding has led to the completion of the present invention. In general, when polyacrylic acid having a high weight average molecular weight is prepared by thermal polymerization under conventional conditions or by photopolymerization under conditions known in the art, a high insoluble content will be obtained; It is difficult to obtain a (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer having a specific intrinsic viscosity (or weight average inertia radius) as provided in the present application and having a low insoluble content. From the prior art, including the technique of JP-A 9-176638, it is not clear whether the polymer can exhibit excellent function as a water-based soil modifier.
[26] Therefore, the present invention is based on the total of the acid group and the neutralized group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer represented by 100 mol%, the content of the group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer A manufacturing method, comprising: a photopolymerization step of polymerizing a monomer component by irradiating near-ultraviolet rays to the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture comprising a monomer component, a photopolymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent and a polymerization solvent, wherein the monomer component is entirely polymerized. When the monomer component is represented by 100 mol%, it contains 50 mol% or more of the (meth) acrylic acid monomer, and the concentration of the monomer component in the reaction mixture during the polymerization is 40 to 97 mass%.
[27] In addition, the present invention is a (meth) having a content of groups in the neutralized state of less than 20 mol%, when the total of the acid groups contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer and the group in the neutralized state represented by 100 mol% Acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, the intrinsic viscosity of the neutralized product obtained by neutralizing the entire acid group of the polymer in a 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 30 ℃ is 30 to 120 ml / mmol, the insoluble content in deionized water is less than 5% by mass It relates to a polymer. It is one of the preferred embodiments to prepare (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers having a content of groups in a neutralized state of less than 20 mol% by the production process according to the present invention.
[28] Moreover, this invention is the (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer manufactured by the manufacturing method of the said (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer, Comprising: The sum total of the acid group contained in the (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer, and group of the neutralized state. When expressed as 100 mol%, has a content of groups in the neutralized state of 20 to 80 mol%, has a weight average inertia radius of 160 nm or more in a completely neutralized state, and less than 5 mass% insoluble in deionized water Content, the insoluble content is 1.0 g of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is added to 500 g of deionized water, the mixture is stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours, and the mixture is 32 mesh Filtration through a filter, insolubles separated in the water state, and the following formula:
[29] Insoluble matter content (mass%) = {mass of insoluble matter (g) / 500 (g)} × 100
[30] It relates to a polymer which is the value obtained by calculating according to.
[31] The present invention is an excavation soil treatment agent containing the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer as a main component.
[32] Moreover, this invention is a poultice agent additive containing the said (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer as a main component.
[1] The present invention relates to a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, and a dug soil treating agent and a cataplasm additive including a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer.
[150] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of an embodiment of a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention.
[151] 2 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the embodiment of the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention.
[152] 3 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of an embodiment of the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention.
[153] 4 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention.
[154] Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a boat-type belt to be used in one embodiment of the embodiment for the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention, Figure 5 (b) shows a cross section of the boat-type belt It is a schematic diagram.
[155] 6 is a schematic view showing a polymerization vessel used in the example of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention; (a) is a plan view of the top 10 of the polymerization vessel, (b) is a side view of the top 10 of the polymerization vessel, (c) is a top view of the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel, and (d) is a side view of the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel. to be. In FIG.6 (b), (c), and (d), the numerical value in parentheses shows the magnitude | size of each polymerization vessel.
[156] 7 is a schematic view showing a polymerization vessel 14 used in a comparative example; (a) is a top view of the polymerization vessel 14, (b) is a sectional view of the polymerization vessel 14. The figures in parentheses indicate the size of each polymerization vessel.
[157] Explanation of the sign
[158] 1 continuous board belt
[159] 2 UV lamp
[160] 3 shading plate
[161] 4 steel shading plate
[162] 5 drug shading plate
[163] 6 light irradiation direction
[164] 7 belt advance direction
[165] 8 Continuous Substrate Belt (Boat Type Belt)
[166] 9 reaction mixtures
[167] 10 Top of the polymerization vessel
[168] 11 Bottom of the polymerization vessel
[169] 12, 13 socket
[170] 14 polymerization vessel
[171] 15 bottom of the container
[172] 16 Top of the container (cover body)
[173] 17a inlet
[174] 17b thermometer inlet
[175] 18 packing part
[33] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[34] In the method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention, when the total sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is regarded as 100 mol%, the content of the group in the neutralized state It is a manufacturing method of this (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer which is 90 mol% or less. In the present specification, when the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing group is regarded as 100 mol%, the content of the group in the neutralized state is also referred to as the degree of neutralization. For example, the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of 90 mol% or less has a neutralized state when the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 100 mol%. It is a (meth) acrylic acid type water-soluble polymer whose content of groups is 90 mol% or less.
[35] The method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention is 50 mol% or more, preferably 70 mol% or more, more preferably 80 mol%, when considering the total monomer component to be polymerized as 100 mol%. Above, most preferably, a photopolymerization step of polymerizing the monomer component by irradiating the monomer component, the photopolymerization initiator, the chain transfer agent, and the polymerization solvent containing at least 85 mol% or more of the (meth) acrylic acid monomer with near ultraviolet rays. The mol% value described above with respect to the (meth) acrylic acid monomer is a relative value to 100 mol% of the sum of the monomer components used.
[36] The present application relates to a process for the preparation of a polymer comprising a photopolymerization step. Since heat is generated after the start of the photopolymerization, the thermal polymerization initiator may be used in combination with the photopolymerization initiator to promote the polymerization by using the generated heat. The polymerization can be initiated in a thermal polymerization manner and / or the thermal polymerization can be combined during the polymerization.
[37] The monomer component comprising at least 50 mole% (meth) acrylic acid monomer per 100 mole% of the sum of the monomer components used in the polymerization, if necessary, includes (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) together with some other monomers or monomers. do. Other monomers may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination. The (meth) acrylic acid polymer is a polymer obtained by polymerization of a monomer component comprising (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) composed of (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid salt as essential component (s).
[38] In the monomer component described above, the (meth) acrylic acid monomer is a (meth) acrylic acid and / or a (meth) acrylic acid salt. As (meth) acrylic acid salts, neutralization products of (meth) acrylic acid with monovalent metals, divalent metals, ammonia, organic amines, etc., ie sodium (meth) acrylates, potassium (meth) acrylates, magnesium (meth) acrylates, Calcium (meth) acrylate and ammonium acrylate are suitable. Among these, sodium (meth) acrylate is preferred. Sodium acrylate is more preferred. The (meth) acrylic acid monomers described above may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
[39] When the sum of the acid group and the neutralizing group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is regarded as 100 mol%, the acid-type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer to be described later, wherein the content of the group in the neutralized state is less than 20 mol%, In the preparation, a total of 100 moles of acid groups and neutralized groups in all monomer (s) including (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) and acid group-containing monomer (s) other than the (meth) acrylic acid monomer When considered in%, it is preferable to select such monomer groups so that the content of groups in a neutralized state is less than 20 mol%. By selecting the monomer group as described above, the acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer obtained by the production method according to the present invention can exhibit more sufficient aggregation and / or thickening effect.
[40] When the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 100 mol%, a partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a neutralized group content of 20 to 80 mol% is prepared. If the total sum of the acid groups and the groups in the neutralized state in all monomers including the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) and the acid group-containing monomer (s) other than the (meth) acrylic acid monomer is 100 mol%, It is preferable to select monomer groups such that the groups in the neutralized state are 20 to 80 mol%.
[41] The concentration in the reaction mixture of the monomer component containing 50 mol% or more of the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) is preferably 40 mass% or more, and more preferably 50 mass% or more. On the other hand, Preferably it is 97 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 95 mass% or less. When conventional polymerization methods are used, increased (meth) acrylic acid monomer concentration in the reaction mixture will result in bumping and other adverse reactions, making control of the reaction difficult. However, the production method including the photopolymerization according to the present invention does not have the above-mentioned problems even when the concentration in the reaction mixture of the monomer component containing 50 mol% or more of the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) increases to a high level. .
[42] As monomers other than the (meth) acrylic acid monomers, unsaturated monocarboxylic acid monomers such as α-hydroxyacrylic acid and crotonic acid, and monovalent metals, divalent metals, ammonium and organic amine salts thereof; Unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomers such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and citraconic acid, and monovalent metals, divalent metals, ammonium and organic amine salts thereof; Unsaturated sulfonic acid monomers such as vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, metaryl sulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, sulfoethyl (meth) acrylate, sulfo Propyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxysulfopropyl (meth) acrylate and sulfoethylmaleimide, and monovalent metals, divalent metals, ammonium and organic amine salts thereof; And unsaturated phosphonic acid monomers such as (meth) acrylamide methanephosphonic acid and 2- (meth) acrylamide-2-methylpropanephosphonic acid, and acid group-containing monomers such as monovalent metals, divalent metals, ammonium and organic amine salts thereof. Is suitable.
[43] Acid group-containing monomers other than the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic acid monomers may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.
[44] In preparing a partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a neutralizing group content of 20 to 80 mol% by the production method according to the present invention, as described above, the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) and the (meth) A (meth) acrylic acid monomer having a neutralizing group content of 20 to 80 mol%, when the total sum of acid groups and neutralizing groups generated by the sum of acid group-containing monomer (s) other than the acrylic acid monomer is 100 mol% ( It is preferred to obtain the polymer using a monomer component containing at least 50 mol% of the s), but the polymer is prepared using the required amount of (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) and then an alkaline material such as sodium hydroxide It can also be prepared by neutralizing the polymer so as to neutralize the polymer itself to an amount of 20 to 80 mol%.
[45] The production method of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a neutralizing group content of less than 20 mol% by the production method according to the present invention is similar to that described above, and thus is not described herein any further.
[46] As monomers other than the above-mentioned acid group-containing monomers which can be used in the practice of the present invention, there may be mentioned amide monomers such as (meth) acrylamide and tert-butyl (meth) acrylamide; Hydrophobic monomers such as (meth) acrylic esters, styrene, 2-methylstyrene and vinyl acetate; Hydroxyl group-containing unsaturated monomers such as 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol (prenol), 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isoprenol), 2-methyl-3-butene-2 -Ol (isoprene alcohol), 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol monoisoprenol ether, polypropylene glycol monoiso Prenyl ether, polyethylene glycol monoallyl ether, polypropylene glycol monoallyl ether, glycerol monoallyl ether, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, glycerol mono (meth) acrylate and vinyl alcohol; Alkoxyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylates such as methoxypolyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate; Cationic monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate; And nitrile monomers such as (meth) acrylonitrile.
[47] Acrylamide monomers are particularly low in polymerizability and easily remain, if they cause stability problems; Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of acrylamide monomer (s) described above, when used as other monomer (s), regards the monomer to be polymerized as 100 mol%, preferably 30 mol% or less, More preferably from 20 mol% to 0 mol%, even more preferably from 10 mol% to 0 mol%, most preferably from 5 mol% to 0 mol%.
[48] The monomer component described above preferably contains a monovalent metal, a divalent metal or an ammonium salt of the unsaturated sulfonic acid monomer in the above-mentioned monomers other than the (meth) acrylic acid monomer. More specifically, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (salt) and / or 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (salt) are preferably contained in these. The use of the monomer (s) in the preparation of acidic (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers allows the preparation of polymers with low insoluble content and high intrinsic viscosity. The use thereof in preparing partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water soluble polymers allows the weight average inertia radius to be further increased upon complete neutralization of the polymer, thereby improving the basic performance properties of the polymer. Insoluble content may also be reduced. The content of monomer (s) other than the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic acid monomer is preferably less than 50 mol%, more preferably 1 mol% or more and less than 50 mol%, furthermore, based on 100 mol% of the total monomer components. It is preferably at least 1 mol% and less than 30 mol%, particularly preferably at least 1 mol% and less than 20 mol%, most preferably at least 2 mol% and less than 15 mol%.
[49] The concentration in the reaction mixture of the above-mentioned monomer component to polymerize is 40-97 mass%. In carrying out the process for producing a water-soluble polymer by photopolymerization according to the present invention, higher concentrations of monomer components in polymerization may improve the basic performance characteristics of the polymer. Specifically, when the monomer component concentration at the time of polymerization is within the above-mentioned concentration range, the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer can be increased while maintaining the insoluble content at a low level. Specifically, the above concentration is the concentration of the monomer component in the reaction mixture at the start of polymerization. In preparing an acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, intrinsic viscosity can be further increased by using a chain transfer agent and increasing the monomer component concentration in polymerization according to the photopolymerization method according to the present invention. In preparing partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers, the weight average inertia radius in the fully neutralized state can be further increased, and the aggregation and / or thickening effect of the water-soluble polymer can be further increased. In addition, the insoluble content of the water-soluble polymer obtained can be reduced.
[50] In general, when attempting to obtain an acrylic acid water-soluble polymer having a high intrinsic viscosity and / or having a large weight average inertia radius by a conventional polymerization method, as the intrinsic viscosity or weight average inertia radius increases, the insoluble content increases, which is desirable. I can't. The problem presented in the prior art can be solved by performing photopolymerization under the specific conditions described above according to the present invention. In addition, the photopolymerization method according to the present invention is further advantageous in that productivity can be increased at the same time. Specifically, when the polymerization is carried out at low concentrations of the monomer component of less than 40 mass%, the equipment required to obtain the unit mass of the dry product is enlarged in comparison with the case of the high concentration of the monomer component of 40 mass% or more. Moreover, the installation required for drying also becomes large. Thus, low concentration polymerization results in high production costs compared to high concentration polymerization. In addition, the formed gel is more sticky than the gel obtained by the high concentration polymerization, and it is also difficult to release and dismantle from the belt surface, which also causes problems in processing.
[51] From the viewpoint of physical properties, polymers obtained by low concentration polymerization, when they are acid-type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers, have low intrinsic viscosity or low weight average inertia radius, and further they are partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-insoluble Polymers tend to have increased insoluble content. In addition, the residual monomer content is increased. Thus, a problem with complete neutralization is caused. The concentration in the reaction mixture of the above-mentioned monomer components is preferably 45 to 97 mass%, more preferably 45 to 95 mass%, even more preferably 50 to 95 mass%, even more preferably 55 mass% or more. 90 mass% or less, Especially preferably, it is 65 mass% or more, Most preferably, it is 70 mass% or more.
[52] The monomer component concentration in the above-mentioned reaction mixture is based on the reaction mixture (referred to as 100 mass%) containing the whole monomer component to polymerize. Specifically, the concentration is expressed as a ratio of 100% by mass relative to the total monomer components used as the denominator.
[53] Preferred examples of the photopolymerization initiator described above are as follows.
[54] 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane), 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine), 2,2'-azobis [2- (5-methyl -2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane], 1,1'-azobis (1-amidino-1-cyclopropylethane), 2,2'-azobis (2-amidino-4-methyl Pentane), 2,2'-azobis (2-N-phenylaminoamidinopropane), 2,2'-azobis (1-imino-1-ethylamino-2-methylpropane), 2,2 ' -Azobis (1-allylamino-1-imino-2-methylbutane), 2,2'-azobis (2-N-cyclohexylamidinopropane), 2,2'-azobis (2-N -Benzylamidinopropane) and salts thereof such as hydrochloride, sulfate, acetate, 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovalerate) and alkali metal, ammonium or amine salts thereof, 2- (carbamoyl) Azo) isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (isobutyramide), 2,2'-azobis [2-methyl-N- (2-hydroxyethyl) propionamide], 2,2'- Azobis [2-methyl-N- (1,1'-bis (hydroxymeth) Azo photoinitiators, such as a (tyl) ethyl) propionamide] and 2,2'- azobis [2-methyl-N-1,1'-bis (hydroxyethyl) propionamide), 2, 2- dimethoxy-1 , 2-diphenylethan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone (Irgacure 184) Eutectic mixture of -benzophenone, 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- [ 4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropane-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butanone-1, 2-benzyl-2- 3: 7 mixture of dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butanone-1 (Irgacure 369) -2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one (Irgacure 651), Bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide, bis (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (CGI 403) -2-hydroxy- 1: 3 horn of 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (Darocure 1173) Compound, 1: 3 mixture of bis (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (CGI 403) -1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Irgacure 184), bis ( 1: 1 mixture of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide (CGI 403) -1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Irgacure 184), 2,4,6- 1: 1 liquid mixture of trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (Darocure 1173), bis (η ⁵ -2,4-cyclopentadiene- 1-yl) bis (2,6-difluoro-3- (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) phenyl) titanium, oligo [2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (1-methylvinyl ) Phenyl] propanone], eutectic mixture of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone-4-methylbenzophenone, liquid mixture of 4-methylbenzophenone-benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine Liquid mixture of oxide-oligo [2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl] propanone-methylbenzophenone derivative, 1- [4- (4-benzoylphene Nylsulfanyl) phenyl] -2-methyl-2- (4-methylphenylsulfanyl) propane-1-one, benzyl dimethyl ketal, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, α-hydride Oxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, acrylated amine synergist, benzoin (iso- and n-) butyl ester, acrylsulfonium (mono, di) hexafluorophosphate, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 2-butoxyethyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, ethyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, benzoin, benzoin alkyl Ethers, benzoin hydroxyalkyl ethers, diacetyl and derivatives thereof, anthraquinones and derivatives thereof, diphenylsulfide and derivatives thereof, benzophenones and derivatives thereof, and benzyl and derivatives thereof.
[55] Among them, azo photopolymerization initiators are preferably used, and water-soluble azo photopolymerization initiators such as 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride are suitably used.
[56] The photopolymerization initiator is preferably used in an amount of 0.0001 g or more and 1 g or less per mole of the monomer component to be polymerized. By using the initiator in the above amount, the molecular weight of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be obtained sufficiently high. More preferably, the amount is at least 0.001 g and at most 0.5 g.
[57] Suitable for use as chain transfer agents include sulfur containing compounds such as thioglycolic acid, thioacetic acid and mercaptoethanol; Phosphoric acid compounds such as phosphoric acid and sodium phosphite; Hypophosphorous acid compounds such as hypophosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite; And alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol. Among these, hypophosphorous acid compounds are preferable, and sodium hypophosphite is more preferable.
[58] The amount of the chain transfer agent is appropriately selected depending on the polymerization concentration, the photopolymerization initiator and other factors used, but preferably 0.0001 g or more and 0.2 g or less, more preferably 0.001 g or more and 0.1 g per mole of the monomer component to be polymerized. Hereinafter, Especially preferably, they are 0.005g or more and 0.05g or less.
[59] Water is suitably used as the polymerization solvent mentioned above. In addition to water, for example, an organic solvent may be used in combination and suitably used. Suitable organic solvents include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; Hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; Ketones such as methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl ethyl ketone; Esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; And ethers such as (di) ethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
[60] The polymerization initiator, the chain transfer agent and the polymerization solvent may each be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.
[61] In the practice of the present invention, the reaction mixture is irradiated with near ultraviolet in the photopolymerization step.
[62] Suitable devices for near ultraviolet irradiation in the photopolymerization stage are high pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, fluorescent chemical lamps and fluorescent blue lamps. The near ultraviolet ray preferably has a wavelength of 300 nm or more and 500 nm or less. At the time of irradiation by the ultraviolet-ray of the said wavelength range, photopolymerization starts and a polymerization reaction advances at a suitable speed | rate.
[63] In the practice of the present invention, the photopolymerization step is preferably performed by irradiating the near ultraviolet with an intensity of 0.1 to 100 W / m 2. In particular, polymerization is initiated by irradiating near ultraviolet light with an intensity of preferably 10 W / m 2 or less. By doing so, it becomes possible to further reduce the insoluble content. In the preparation of acidic (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers, the inherent viscosity of the polymer can be further increased. In the preparation of partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers, the weight average inertia radius of the polymer in its fully neutralized state can be further increased. The strength is more preferably 8 W / m 2 or less, even more preferably 6 W / m 2 or less, and most preferably 4 W / m 2 or less. The intensity of the near ultraviolet irradiation can be constant or varied during polymerization under near ultraviolet irradiation, but the irradiation intensity is preferably adjusted so that the polymerization can be initiated at an irradiation intensity of 10 W / m 2 or less. As used herein, the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is the irradiation intensity measured on the upper surface of the reaction mixture to which near ultraviolet rays are irradiated, that is, the surface of the reaction mixture. Irradiation intensity can be measured, for example, using the following actinometer.
[64] Device: Integrating ultraviolet actinometer
[65] Manufacturer: Ushio Inc.
[66] Model: main unit UIT-150
[67] Sensor UVD-C365 (sensitive wavelength range 310 to 390 nm)
[68] Further, in the practice of the present invention, the photopolymerization step is preferably performed by (1) considering the amount of the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) to be photopolymerized after initiation of polymerization by near-ultraviolet irradiation as 100 mol%. When the (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) present in the polymer is 3 to 90 mol%, the method of reducing the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity lower than the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity used for initiation of polymerization, or (2) polymerization by near-ultraviolet radiation After initiation, the step of reducing the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity below the intensity at the start of polymerization and increasing the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity above the reduced light irradiation intensity are performed in a repeating manner. In this case, the light irradiation intensity can be changed continuously or stepwise.
[69] When the (meth) acrylic acid monomer is present in the polymerization system at a specific concentration range after the start of photopolymerization, the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity is reduced, or the light irradiation intensity is repeated in a strong / weak manner (including a state where the light irradiation intensity is 0). By changing to, the intrinsic viscosity (or weight average inertia radius) of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be increased, the insoluble content can be suppressed, and bumping and other abnormal reactions in the polymerization reaction can be prevented. Therefore, the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer can be efficiently produced.
[70] (Meth) acrylic acid which exists in a polymerization system in the said embodiment (1) after the start of superposition | polymerization by near-ultraviolet irradiation, at the time of reducing near-ultraviolet intensity compared with the near-ultraviolet irradiation intensity used for superposition | polymerization initiation. The concentration of monomer (s) is 3 to 90 mol%, relative to 100 mol% of (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) used for photopolymerization, as described above; If less than 3 mol% or more than 90 mol%, the polymerization may be incomplete or difficult to control to avoid runaway conditions. The residual concentration is preferably 5 mol% or more and 85 mol% or less, more preferably 10 mol% or more and 80 mol% or less.
[71] By reducing the irradiation intensity during the polymerization step, i.e., at the point where the polymerization state can be sufficiently maintained (but not the polymerization terminator) at which point (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s) can be present in sufficient amount (s) By reducing the light irradiation intensity at the time when the acrylic acid monomer (s) is present in sufficient amount (s), it is possible to avoid or reduce excessive light irradiation, thereby allowing the polymerization to continue in the desired manner.
[72] In the said aspect (1), the near-ultraviolet irradiation intensity | strength for starting superposition | polymerization becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.1 W / m <2> or more and 100 W / m <2> or less. If less than 0.1 W / m 2, the polymerization can be initiated in an undesirable manner, resulting in inefficient manufacture. In addition, polymerization tends to be incomplete and monomer component (s) tend to remain in the unreacted product. When it exceeds 100 W / m 2, the polymerization reaction proceeds rapidly, and an abnormal reaction including bumping may occur. More preferably, it is 1 W / m <2> or more, More preferably, it is 3 W / m <2> or more. More preferably, it is 50 W / m <2> or less, More preferably, it is 30 W / m <2> or less. After the initiation of the polymerization, the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity when the light irradiation intensity is reduced is preferably 10 W / m 2 or less, compared with the near-ultraviolet radiation intensity used for the polymerization initiation. If it exceeds 10 W / m 2, the reaction cannot be controlled. It is still more preferably at most 9 W / m 2, even more preferably at most 7 W / m 2, most preferably at most 5 W / m 2.
[73] In the above aspect (1), the period from the start of the near ultraviolet irradiation to the time of reducing the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity after the start of polymerization to be lower than the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity used for starting the polymerization is preferably 1 second or more and 5 minutes or less. More preferably, it is 10 second or more, More preferably, it is 30 second or more, More preferably, it is 3 minutes or less, More preferably, it is 2 minutes or less.
[74] In the manner of gradually decreasing the light irradiation intensity after the start of the polymerization of the aspect (1), the light irradiation can be stopped by finally reducing the light irradiation intensity to 0 W / m 2. In this case, the period from the start of decreasing the light irradiation intensity to the time point at which the light irradiation intensity becomes 0 W / m 2 is preferably 10 seconds or more and 60 minutes or less. More preferably, it is 20 second or more, More preferably, it is 30 second or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 45 minutes or less, even more preferably 30 minutes or less.
[75] In the above aspect (2), when the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is decreased as compared with the time of polymerization start (when the light irradiation intensity is weak), the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably 10 W / m 2 or less, more preferably It is 7 W / m <2> or less, More preferably, it is 5 W / m <2> or less. If it exceeds 10 W / m 2, the reaction cannot be controlled. When the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity is increased in comparison with the above-described reduced light irradiation intensity (when the light irradiation intensity is made steel), the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably 0.1 W / m 2 or more and 100 W / m 2 or less. If it is less than 0.1 W / m 2, the polymerization may not proceed well, resulting in inefficient production. If it exceeds 100 W / m 2, an abnormal reaction including bumping may occur. More preferably, it is 1 W / m <2> or more, More preferably, it is 3 W / m <2> or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 50 W / m 2 or less, even more preferably 30 W / m 2 or less.
[76] In the above aspect (2), the number of repeated changes in light irradiation intensity, that is, the change in light irradiation intensity from steel to weak, is counted once between steel and weak (including the case where light irradiation intensity is 0), The number of changes in the light irradiation intensity can be selected according to the concentration at the time of polymerization, the light irradiation intensity and other factors, but it is preferably one or more times, more preferably two or more times, even more preferably three or more times. to be. The period in which the light irradiation intensity is strong and the period in which the intensity is about (including a state in which the light irradiation intensity is 0) are preferably 1 second or more and 3 minutes or less, and more preferably 10 seconds or more and 1 minute or less.
[77] In the above aspect (2), the method of repeatedly changing the light irradiation intensity between strong and weak (including the case where the light irradiation intensity is 0) is preferably (2-1) a light shielding plate between the near ultraviolet generation position and the reaction mixture. By inserting and removing, the method comprising repeatedly changing the intensity of near-ultraviolet radiation irradiated to the reaction mixture between strong and weak (including a state where the light irradiation intensity is zero), and (2-2 ) Supplying the reaction mixture onto a continuously running belt and irradiating the reaction mixture from above with a constant intensity of near ultraviolet light using a strong and / or weak light blocking plate installed at one or more positions between the top of the reaction mixture and the near-ultraviolet generating position. By repeatedly changing the intensity of near-ultraviolet radiation irradiated to the reaction mixture between strong and weak (including a state where the light irradiation intensity is zero). There is a method that includes. Among these, method (2-2) is more preferable.
[78] Suitable for use as an apparatus for irradiating the reaction mixture by the above-mentioned near-ultraviolet generating position, ie near-ultraviolet, are the same as those mentioned above.
[79] The position for providing a strong light shielding plate and / or a weak light shielding plate to perform the method (2-2) can be appropriately selected depending on the belt operating speed, the light irradiation intensity irradiated to the reaction mixture, and the like. It is preferable to arrange the plurality of said plates at regular intervals between the reaction mixture on the belt and the near ultraviolet generating position.
[80] With reference to FIGS. 1-4, the aspect which performs the manufacturing method of the (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer which concerns on this invention is demonstrated. 1 to 4, 6 is an arrow indicating the light irradiation direction, and 7 is an arrow indicating the running direction of the belt.
[81] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in which the light blocking plates are arranged at regular intervals, the light blocking plates 3 are disposed at regular intervals between the continuous substrate belt 1 and the ultraviolet lamp 2. In this case, when the belt 1 is operated, the reaction mixture moves under the light shield plate 3. When near-ultraviolet rays are irradiated with a constant intensity from the ultraviolet lamp 2, the reaction mixture is irradiated with near-ultraviolet rays at a constant intensity while passing through the place where the light-shielding plate 3 is absent, and near-ultraviolet which irradiates the reaction mixture while passing through the place where the light-shielding plate 3 is installed The intensity of is reduced. Therefore, by moving the reaction mixture to the belt 1 to alternately pass between the position where the light shielding plate is installed and the position without the light shielding plate, it becomes possible to repeatedly change the light irradiation intensity between steel and weak. Therefore, the light shielding plates 3 arranged at regular intervals intermittently irradiate the composition for polymerization on the belt 1; Thus, repeated reinforcement and weakening of the light irradiation intensity are realized.
[82] 2 shows the manner in which the strong and weak light shielding plates are continuously installed. The strong light shielding plate 4 and the weak light shielding plate 5 are continuously disposed at regular intervals between the continuous substrate belt 1 and the ultraviolet lamp 2. In this case as well, the light irradiation intensity can be repeatedly changed between steel and weak.
[83] With respect to the interval between arranging the light shielding plate 3, or the strong light shielding plate 4 and the weak light shielding plate 5, it is only required to arrange the plates so as to realize substrate irradiation by ultraviolet rays and reduction of light shielding or light irradiation intensity. Therefore, it is not always necessary to arrange the plates at regular intervals.
[84] As for the shape of the belt used in the manufacturing apparatus for performing the above method (2-2), the boat form is preferable. In FIG. 3, the boat belt 8 is used as the continuous substrate belt 1 in FIG. 1, and in FIG. 4, the boat belt 8 is used as the continuous substrate belt 1 in FIG. 1. Fig. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the boat-shaped belt 8 shown in Fig. 3 or 4, and Fig. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the same belt cut along X-X 'in Fig. 5 (a).
[85] The boat form described above as the form of the belt is preferred in the practice of the present invention because the boat-like arrangement facilitates the feeding and maintaining of the reaction mixture according to the invention comprising the monomer (s), the chain transfer agent and the polymerization solvent onto the belt. Implementation embodiment. Any form other than the boat form may also be employed as the belt for use in the photopolymerization according to the present invention, provided it is in a form capable of retaining the reaction mixture on the belt. A weir may be installed at the end of the belt in the direction of travel of the belt.
[86] In the actual production apparatus for performing the method (2-2), the length of the belt is preferably 1 m or more and 50 m or less. More preferably, it is 2 m or more, More preferably, it is 3 m or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 40 m or less, even more preferably 30 m or less.
[87] The operating speed of the belt is preferably 3 cm / min or more and 10 m / min or less. More preferably, it is 4 cm / min or more, More preferably, it is 5 cm / min or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 7 m / min or less, even more preferably 5 m / min or less.
[88] The strong shading plates used according to the above method (2-2) are those whose light is blocked to a relatively high degree, and include shading plates that do not transmit light at all. Weak shading boards are ones where light is blocked to a lesser degree. Each type of light shielding plate may be one kind or two or more kinds. The number of the light blocking plates may vary depending on the desired number of strong / weak changes, the belt operating speed, the light irradiation intensity for irradiating the reaction mixture, and the like, but the number is preferably 1 or more and 100 or less. More preferably, it is 5 or more, More preferably, it is 10 or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 70 or less, even more preferably 50 or less.
[89] In carrying out the method (2-2), the width of the light shielding plate in the advancing direction of the belt is preferably 1 cm or more and 5 m or less. More preferably, it is 2 cm or more, More preferably, it is 2.5 cm or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 3 m or less, even more preferably 2 m or less. The spacing between two neighboring shading plates is preferably within the same range as described above with respect to the width of the shading plate, and more preferably the same as the width of the shading plate to be disposed.
[90] In the photopolymerization step described above, the polymerization method is preferably a solution polymerization method in water used as a polymerization solvent. The aqueous solution polymerization is preferably carried out in a state in which the dissolved oxygen in the aqueous solution is previously removed by bubbling with nitrogen gas, for example. For the polymerization procedure, it may be batch or continuous, but a stationary polymerization method is preferred. Belt polymerization is one type of static polymerization technique.
[91] The polymerization conditions in the photopolymerization step may be appropriately selected depending on the (meth) acrylic acid monomer-containing monomer composition, the photopolymerization initiator and the chain transfer agent, and the amount thereof. For example, the time from the start of near ultraviolet irradiation to completion of the reaction in the photopolymerization step is preferably 1 minute or more and 90 minutes or less, more preferably 60 minutes or less, even more preferably 30 minutes or less.
[92] The polymerization temperature in the photopolymerization step is preferably -5 ° C or more and 150 ° C or less, more preferably 120 ° C or less. The temperature at the start of the polymerization is preferably 50 ° C or lower, more preferably 30 ° C or lower, even more preferably 20 ° C or lower. At low polymerization temperatures, there is no risk of bumping, runaway of polymerization or other uncontrolled reactions, which is advantageous in terms of productivity. The polymerization temperature described above is also an effective factor in improving the physical properties of the water soluble polymer product.
[93] The polymer obtained in the photopolymerization step according to the production method of the present invention, when dried at 50 ° C to 200 ° C, provides a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer in dry form. In drying the polymer, the surface area of the polymer is for example cut to enlarge and / or preferably drying is carried out under reduced pressure. Drying temperatures below 50 ° C. can lead to insufficient drying of the polymer. For acidic (meth) acrylic polymers with a low degree of neutralization, drying temperatures above 150 ° C. cause thermal crosslinking of the polymer, increasing the insoluble content. At temperatures above 180 ° C., the main chain and / or crosslinking sites of the polymer are cleaved and their quality may deteriorate. The drying time may be appropriately selected depending on the water content in the polymer, the drying temperature and the like.
[94] In a preferred embodiment of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention, the proportion of the neutralizing group contained in the water-soluble polymer is 90 mol% or less. The ratio is calculated by considering the sum of the acid groups contained in the water-soluble polymer and the groups in the neutralized form as 100 mol%. Groups in the neutralized form are groups produced by replacing dissociable hydrogen ions with other cations from an acid group, and mention may be made of salt-shaped groups resulting from the neutralization of acid groups with alkali metals, for example. In a more preferred embodiment, the sum of the acid group-containing monomer component and the group-containing monomer component in the neutralized form in the monomer composition used for the preparation of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention is regarded as 100 mol%, It calculates by expressing the ratio of group containing monomer component by mol%. In addition, the proportion of the groups in the neutralized form contained in the water-soluble polymer of 90 mol% or less can also be obtained by neutralizing the water-soluble polymer obtained after the polymerization. However, the water soluble polymers have a high intrinsic viscosity and / or weight average inertia radius, and therefore are difficult to neutralize the polymer under conditions as produced in some cases. If necessary, the obtained polymer can be diluted with water and then neutralized with the required amount of alkali.
[95] If the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is regarded as 100 mol%, it has a neutralizing group content of less than 20 mol%, and from the polymer by neutralizing all the acid groups with sodium hydroxide. A (meth) acrylic acid-based water soluble polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 30 to 120 ml / mmol at 30 ° C. under 2 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in the form of the induced neutralization product, having less than 5 mass% of deionized water insolubles, has good aggregation. And / or create a thickening effect and can therefore be used suitably for a variety of applications. The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.
[96] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer in the above aspect of the present invention has a neutralizing group content of less than 20 mol%, considering the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups of the polymer as 100 mol%. Therefore, the degree of neutralization is less than 20 mol%. Of the acid type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers, those in which the whole is not neutralized (that is, those having a degree of neutralization of 0%) are those in which all the groups remain in the acid form.
[97] A unique feature of the water-soluble polymer according to the present invention is that when the sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups contained in the water-soluble polymer is 100 mol%, the proportion of the neutralizing groups is less than 20 mol%.
[98] The proportion of neutralizing groups contained in the water soluble polymer of the present invention is determined in the following manner. For example, the monomer component forming the acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer used in the production of the polymer is x moles of acrylic acid, y moles of sodium acrylate as a salt of acrylic acid and z moles of methyl acrylic as an acrylate ester. Assuming that both rates are polymerized, since the acrylate esters are neither in ionic nor neutralized form, the ratio can be calculated according to the following formula.
[99] The denominator is, in moles, the sum of the raw material monomer component containing an acid group and the raw material monomer component containing a neutralizing group (here, in the form of a neutralizing salt resulting from neutralization of the acid group with an alkali metal or the like). Molecules are the moles of raw material components containing neutralizing groups (here, in the form of neutralizing salts resulting from the neutralization of acid groups with alkali metals and the like). These are applied to the following formulas to give the content of groups in neutralized form in percentage, so the units are in mol%. In the present invention, the proportion of groups in the neutralized form represented by the following formula is often referred to as the degree of neutralization.
[100]
[101] [Wherein, x mol: AA (acrylic acid)
[102] y mole: SA (sodium acrylate)
[103] z mole: AM (methyl acrylate)].
[104] It is assumed that the monomer components forming the acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer include alpha mole of acrylic acid, beta mole of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate and gamma mole of acrylamide, all of which are polymerized. In this case, acrylamide is neither an ionic nor a neutralized form, and the ratio is calculated according to the following formula.
[105] In the following formula, the number-of-moles of an acidic radical containing raw material monomer component are used as a molecule and a denominator similarly to the said Formula. When these are applied to the following formula, the proportion of groups in neutralized form is calculated as a percentage and therefore the unit is mole%.
[106]
[107] [Wherein, α mol: AA (acrylic acid)
[108] β mole: AMPS-Na (sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate)
[109] γ mole: AAm (acrylamide)].
[110] In addition, assuming that the monomer component forming the acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer contains a mole of sodium acrylate and b mole of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and all of them are polymerized, Is calculated according to the following formula.
[111] In the following formula, the mole number of the acid group-containing raw material monomer component is used for the denominator and the molecule in the same manner as the above formula. When these are applied to the following formula, the proportion of groups in neutralized form is calculated as a percentage and therefore the unit is mole%.
[112]
[113] [Meal, a mole: SA (sodium acrylate)
[114] b mole: AMPS (2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)].
[115] When having an intrinsic viscosity of less than 30 ml / mmol, the acid-type (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers cannot exhibit a sufficient degree of flocculation and thickening effects and thus cannot be suitably used for various applications. When used as an excavation soil treatment, for example, it is not possible to reform hydrous soils into high-strength soils at low amounts of addition. When used as a poultice additive, it cannot provide a high degree of tack and shape preservation. If the intrinsic viscosity exceeds 120 ml / mmol, the polymer is difficult to handle and difficult to prepare. The expression "mmol" represents "millimolar".
[116] The intrinsic viscosity is preferably in the range of at least 60 ml / mmol. The preferred range in this case is 60 to 120 ml / mmol, more preferably at least 70 ml / mmol, even more preferably at least 80 ml / mmol and most preferably at least 90 ml / mmol.
[117] Intrinsic viscosity can be determined, for example, by measuring relative viscosity, specific viscosity and reduced viscosity using a dynamic viscometer.
[118] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol% comprises a method comprising photopolymerizing a monomer component comprising (meth) acrylic acid monomer (s), or a method comprising thermally polymerizing the monomer composition. Although it can be prepared by, for the above-mentioned reasons, a method of producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble monomer by a photopolymerization method is preferred. The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer prepared by the above-mentioned method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer constitutes one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[119] The polymerization initiator used for the above-mentioned thermal polymerization, specifically, hydrogen peroxide; Persulfate salts such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate; Azo compounds such as 2,2'-azobis- (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin) -2-yl] propane] dihydrochloride , 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, and 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvalero Nitrile); And radical polymerization initiators such as organic oxides such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, peracetic acid, persuccinic acid, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide. The polymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof. Of the polymerization initiators mentioned above by way of example, azo compounds are particularly preferred. The polymerization initiator is preferably used in an amount in the range of 0.0001 to 0.05 g per mole of monomer component.
[120] When considering the total of the neutralized group and acid group of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer as 100 mol%, the content of the group in the neutralized form of 90 mol% or less, more preferably 20 to 80 mol% (Meth) acrylic acid prepared by the above-mentioned method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a weight average inertia radius at full neutralization of 160 nm or more and an insoluble content in deionized water of less than 5% by mass. Acid-based water soluble polymers can be used in a variety of applications; When used as an excavation soil treatment agent, it is excellent in stability, it is possible to modify the hydrous soil to a high-strength soil even with a low amount of addition, and when used as a poultice agent additive can exhibit a high adhesion and shape retention. The partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymer also constitutes one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[121] The partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers which are partially neutralized and in salt form are also referred to as partially neutralized salts or partially neutralizing polymers.
[122] The degree of neutralization of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a content of a neutralizing group of 20 to 80 mol% is the same as mentioned above with respect to the acid-type (mat) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%. Can be determined.
[123] When the weight average inertia radius at full neutralization is less than 160 nm, the partially polymerized (meth) acrylic acid-based water soluble polymer cannot be suitably used for various applications. When the polymer is used as an excavation soil treatment, it is not possible to modify the hydrous soil to a high strength soil with a low amount of addition. When used as a poultice additive, it cannot provide a high degree of adhesion and shape preservation. When the radius is more than 300 nm, the polymer becomes difficult to handle and also difficult to prepare. The weight average inertia radius is published in 1985 by Kobunshi Jiten (polymer dictionary), edited by the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, Asakura Shoten. 9th Edition, pages 45-49. It is also described in the paper [G. C. Berry et al., The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 44, No. 12 (1966), pp. 4550-4564.
[124] The above-mentioned weight average inertia radius is preferably in the range of 180 nm or more. In this case, the range is within 180 to 300 nm. More preferably it is 190 nm or more, even more preferably 200 nm or more, most preferably 210 nm or more. On the other hand, it is more preferably 280 nm or less, even more preferably 260 nm or less.
[125] The weight average inertia radius can be measured by making a solution of the neutralization product derived from the partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water soluble polymer by complete neutralization and by measuring the refractive index and light scattering intensity of the neutralization product. have. Detailed calculation methods are described herein below. "Fully neutralized" means substituted all other dissociable hydrogen ions of the acid groups of the partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer with other cations. In the practice of the present invention, other cations include sodium ions, potassium ions, and the like provided upon complete neutralization so that the weight average inertial mass falls within the above-mentioned range. Neutralization can be performed in a conventional manner.
[126] For the method of adjusting the content (neutralization) of the group of the neutralized form in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer to a value within the above-mentioned range, the degree of neutralization is preferably a value of the acid type monomer (s) and the salt type monomer (s). The ratio may be adjusted by appropriate selection as described above; This may be the above reaction mode in which the polymerization is carried out while neutralizing the acidic monomer (s) or the polymer by adding a basic compound or the like during the polymerization of the acidic monomer (s).
[127] In the above-mentioned method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention, a chain transfer agent is used, and at the same time, the above conditions are adjusted so that the monomer concentration at the time of photopolymerization can exist within a specific range. More specifically, the concentration of the monomer component in the polymerization reaction mixture to be polymerized is preferably 40 to 97% by mass, more preferably 50 to 95% by mass. The lower limit is even more preferably 55% by mass or more, even more preferably 60% by mass or more, even more preferably 65% by mass or more, most preferably 70% by mass or more. With respect to the upper limit, still more preferably 90% by mass or less.
[128] When the monomer concentration is within the above range, the intrinsic viscosity or weight average inertia radius of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention may be increased as described above, and at the same time, the insoluble content may be reduced. Thus, when used as an excavated soil treating agent or poultice additive, the polymer exhibits excellent physical properties that can hardly be obtained by conventional manufacturing methods. In the above insoluble content, the above-mentioned acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a content (neutrality) of neutralized group of less than 20 mol% and a partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a neutralization degree of 20 to 80 mol%. Has an insoluble content in deionized water of less than 5 mass%. If the insoluble content in the deionized water is 5% by mass or more, the improvement of product quality will not be achieved and sufficient effect will not be exerted. The insoluble content is 1.0 g of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is added to 500 g of deionized water, the mixture is stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours, and the mixture is filtered through a 32 mesh filter to form a water-containing state. It is a value obtained by separating insoluble matters of and performing calculation according to the following formula:
[129] Insoluble matter content (mass%) = {mass of insoluble matter (g) / 500 (g)} × 100
[130] The insoluble content mentioned here is the value measured within 1 minute after filtering the (meth) acrylic-acid type water-soluble polymer in aqueous solution with the said filter. The filtration and measurement are carried out under conditions of 25 ° C. and humidity of at least 60%.
[131] In the case of acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%, the insoluble content is preferably less than 4 mass%, more preferably less than 3 mass%, even more preferably less than 2 mass%, in particular Preferably it is in the range of less than 1 mass%, Most preferably, less than 0.5 mass%. In the case of partially neutralized (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers having a degree of neutralization of 20 to 80 mol%, this is preferably less than 4% by mass, more preferably less than 3% by mass, even more preferably less than 2% by mass, most preferred. Preferably less than 1 mass%. If the insoluble content is high, the aqueous solution may exhibit an increased viscosity upon dissolution of the water soluble polymer in the aqueous solution, and / or the sticking and / or flocculating effect of the water soluble polymer may not be exerted to a sufficient degree in some cases. Accordingly, the following problems arise: When the polymer is used as an excavation soil treatment, the soil reforming performance characteristics may not be sufficient, or when it is used as a poultice additive, stable adhesion cannot be ensured, and peeling or rather excessive adhesion is achieved. This may occur under certain conditions of use.
[132] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is preferably a monomer component containing the aforementioned 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (salt) and / or 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (salt). It is obtained by superposing | polymerizing.
[133] Moreover, this invention relates to the excavation earth treatment agent containing the said (meth) acrylic-acid type water-soluble polymer as a main component.
[134] Digging soil treatment is added to the hydrous soil generated by excavation work, producing granular solidified products; When the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention is used, a high degree of safety can be ensured, and the hydrous soil can be reformed into a high-strength soil even at a low addition amount.
[135] The fact that the excavated soil treating agent according to the present invention contains the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer as its main component is 50 mass% or more, preferably 60 mass% of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer per 100 mass% of the excavated soil treating agent. The above means more preferably 70% by mass or more, even more preferably 80% by mass or more.
[136] As a functional soil to which the above-mentioned excavation soil treatment agent is applied, soil generated by excavation during the excavation work by the underground continuous wall method or the slurry shield method is, for example, the soil fraction and the slurry fraction. Sludge as sludge cake or the like obtained by separating a slurry by solid-liquid separation using a dehydration press or the like after separation; Sludge as sediment obtained by standing in a settling slurry the slurry generated in the construction work; Excavation residual soil, soft residual soil; Slurries such as hydrous debris generated in quarries and crushers; Mention may be made of clay and silt. Such hydrous soils may include bentonite and the like. They preferably have a water content of 20 to 200% measured by the water content measuring method according to JIS A 1203. Moisture content is calculated by the formula:
[137] {Water (g) / solid in water (g)} × 100.
[138] If the water content exceeds 200%, the water content is excessive, the required amount of the excavation soil treatment agent is increased, the cost may be increased.
[139] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention can cope with water-containing soils rich in coherent volcanic ash soils, chimneys, clays, and the like, which are difficult to be converted into granular solidified products, among the above-mentioned water-containing soils. By applying the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention, it becomes possible to reuse such soil. When the hydrous soil, usually discarded as sludge, is treated with the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention, it becomes possible to transport the soil, for example by truck. In addition, it is possible to conserve the environment, reduce resources, prolong the life of the waste disposal site, and reduce the costs of wastewater disposal.
[140] In the case of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%, the amount of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hydrous soil. It is desirable to be. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the polymer may fail to modify the soil to a sufficient degree, and if it is more than 5 parts by weight, the modification effect no longer increases. More preferably, the addition amount is 0.02 part by weight or more and 1 part by weight or less. In the case of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a neutralization degree of 20 to 80 mol%, the amount of addition is such that the amount of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 0.02 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of hydrous soil. desirable. If the amount is less than 0.02 parts by weight, the polymer may fail to modify the soil to a sufficient degree, and if it is more than 5 parts by weight, the modification effect no longer increases. More preferably, the addition amount is 0.03 part by weight or more and 1 part by weight or less.
[141] The content of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer in the excavation earth treatment agent as described above may be selected in such a manner that their addition amount is within the above range and no problem occurs in use. If necessary, the hydrous soil containing the excavation soil treatment can be further treated by adding hydraulic materials, specifically cement, quicklime, slaked lime, gypsum, or the like, or mixtures thereof.
[142] Moreover, this invention relates to the poultice agent additive containing the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer as a main component. The poultice agent includes, for example, a form used as a sheet-like poultice for reducing inflammation of sprains or lesions, and a form used as an antipyretic sheet for reducing heat by adhering to the skin. The above-mentioned use form as a poultice medicine is usually combined with the pharmaceutical component (s) such as methyl salicylate, peppermint oil, indomethacin, etc., and is used for the purpose of alleviating inflammation of the affected part and the like. In certain application forms, the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention has properties that the poultice agent should preferably have, that is, adhesion as a criterion for determining the ease of attachment to the skin, and a criterion for determining convenience of use. It can be evaluated from the viewpoint of shape preservation as.
[143] "Containing (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer as a main component" mentioned for the poultice agent additive according to the present invention means that the poultice-agent additive represented by 100 mass% contains 0.01 mass% or more of (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer. do. The polymer content is preferably at least 1 mass%, more preferably at least 2 mass%, even more preferably at least 3 mass%. It is preferably at most 30 mass%, more preferably at most 10 mass%.
[144] The aforementioned defoamer additives are added to the defoamer base to provide adhesion to the defoamer. When using the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention, high adhesion and shape preservation can be expressed.
[145] When considering the total sum of the acid groups and the neutralizing groups in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer as 100 mol%, the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a group content of the neutralized form of less than 20 mol%, that is, the degree of neutralization is 20 mol In the case of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer which is less than%, the amount of the poultice agent additive added to the foaming agent substrate is such that the amount of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 0.01 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the foaming agent substrate. It is desirable to. If the added amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, it may be impossible to thicken the poultice base to express high adhesion and shape retention, and if it is more than 30 parts by weight, the thickening effect will almost no longer increase. More preferably, they are 3 weight part or more and 10 weight part or less. In the case of the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of 20 to 80 mol%, the amount of addition is 0.02 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer. It is desirable to be. If the added amount is less than 0.02 parts by weight, it may be impossible to thicken the poultice substrate to impart a high adhesion and shape retention, and if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the thickening effect will hardly increase any more. More preferably, they are 2 weight part or more-10 weight part or less.
[146] Also in the case of the defoamer additive, the content of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention in the defoamer additive may be appropriately selected depending on the formulation so as not to cause a problem when using the defoamer by the addition amount as described above.
[147] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention may be suitably used in various fields of application such as, for example, excavated soil treating agent, poultice additive, dredged soil treating agent and the like; As these impart excellent coagulation effect and thickening effect, they are suitably used as main components of the excavated soil treating agent and the poultice agent additive. When used as an excavated soil treatment agent, the hydrous soil can be converted to soil with high safety and high strength even at low addition amounts, and when used in a poultice agent additive, high adhesion and shape preservation can be achieved.
[148] Since the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention is excellent in adhesion, thickening effect and flocculation effect, not only in the above-mentioned application fields such as soil treatment agent and poultice agent additive, but also thickeners, coolants, adhesives, It can also be used as a strength enhancer, a flocculant, a food additive, or the like.
[149] In the preparation of poultices, known additives can be combined in the desired individual amounts. As an additive other than the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention as a poultice agent additive, glycols such as polypropylene glycol and glycerol, gelatin, surfactants, menthol and other perfumes, crosslinking agents such as aluminum chloride and zinc chloride, pharmaceutical components such as Mention may be made of methyl salicylate, camphor, peppermint oil and indomethacin, pigments such as kaolin and the like. Accordingly, a poultice agent prepared with a poultice agent additive and other additives containing the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention becomes a component of the embodiment of the present invention.
[176] The following examples illustrate in more detail the present invention. However, these examples are by no means intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, "parts" means "parts by weight" and "%" means "mass%".
[177] Examples 1 to 63 relate to various aspects of embodiments for the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers of the present invention. Among them, Examples 1 to 31 and Examples 61 to 66 relate to a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer in which the proportion of the group in the neutralized form contained in the water-soluble polymer is less than 20 mol%, while Examples 32 to 60 are water-soluble. It relates to a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a proportion of 20 to 80 mol% of the neutralized groups contained in the polymer.
[178] [A] Examples of water-soluble polymers having a content of neutralized groups of less than 20 mol%
[179] Example 1
[180] A 500 ml stainless steel container was charged with 203.8 g of acrylic acid and 68.35 g of deionized water, and while cooling, 23.6 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added to obtain an aqueous solution of partially neutralized salt of acrylic acid. Dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling an aqueous solution of the partially neutralized salt of acrylic acid with nitrogen. Then, after adjusting the temperature of the said aqueous solution to 10 degreeC, the photoinitiator V-50 (The Wako Pure Chemical Industries make, azo photoinitiator, chemical name: 2,2'- azobis- 2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride) 1.41 g of a 2% aqueous solution of, and 2.83 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite as a chain transfer agent were added, and then uniformly mixed to obtain a reaction mixture.
[181] Acrylic acid and sodium acrylate were contained as monomers in the reaction mixture, and the proportion of salt-forming monomers (sodium acrylate) among all the monomers, ie, the degree of neutralization, was 10 mol%. The monomer (acrylic acid and sodium acrylate) concentration in the reaction mixture was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer.
[182] The polymerization vessel used in this example consisted of a top and a bottom. This is schematically shown in FIG. 6. (a) is a plan view of the top 10 of the polymerization vessel, (b) is a side view of the top 10 of the polymerization vessel, (c) is a top view of the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel, and (d) is a side view of the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel. to be. The polymerization vessel is made of stainless steel (SUS 304), and the top 10 of the polymerization vessel is lined with Teflon (R) inside. The lower part 11 of the polymerization vessel has a socket 12 for introducing cooling water and the like into the jacket and a socket 13 for discharging the same, so that the cooling water and the like enter the jacket through the lower socket 12 and leave the upper socket 13. In this embodiment, the top 10 is placed on the bottom 11 in a manner that covers the top 10, and the packing part is mounted, and then fixed at the eighth position with a bolt and a nut.
[183] Cold water at 10 ° C. was introduced through socket 12 of the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel and allowed to drain into socket 13, while at the same time covering the top 10 of the polymerization vessel with Saran Wrap and introducing the reaction mixture. The resulting space was washed with nitrogen. Thereafter, the reaction mixture was introduced into the top 10 of the polymerization vessel, and a near-ultraviolet ray having a wavelength range of 300 to 450 nm and an intensity of 3 W / cm 2 was used using a black light mercury lamp (Toshiba, model H400BL-L). Irradiated for 15 minutes. Immediately after the start of the irradiation, the polymerization was started. Thereafter, the strength was increased to 7 W / cm 2, and after 15 minutes, the temperature of the cold water introduced through the socket 12 was raised to 80 ° C. The polymerization was completed by holding at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The gel polymer thus obtained was analyzed for residual monomer content by bromine addition. The content was 0.3 mol%. The gel polymer thus obtained was cut into pieces using scissors and dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. The dried product was ground in a tabletop mill and then passed through a 40 mesh sieve to classify to obtain a polymer (1) containing a partially neutralized salt of polyacrylic acid. When cutting with scissors, the gel polymer could be easily cut without attaching to the scissors. In addition, the intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (1) were measured by the method described below. The result obtained in this is shown in Table 1.
[184] Measurement method of residual monomer content (bromine addition method)
[185] Deionized water (100 mL) and about 1 g (exactly measured) of the polymer were placed in an iodine pseudo-measuring flask and allowed to stand for day and night to achieve uniform dispersion. Thereafter, 25 ml of a 0.1 N solution of potassium bromate was added to the measuring flask with iodine, and then 15 ml of 6 N hydrochloric acid was added using a measuring cylinder, and the flask was immediately capped and 15 ml of potassium iodide was added. 10 ml of% solution was placed in a reservoir and the whole was left standing in the dark for 20 minutes. After standing, the iodine cooled the measuring flask in an ice bath, loosening the stopper and allowing the potassium iodide solution to flow into the flask. Immediately after closing and shaking the stopper, the stopper was removed and titration was performed with 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate solution. When the liquid was assumed to be pale orange, about 1 mL of 1% starch indicator solution was added. The point where purple disappeared was taken as the end point. In the blank test, the same procedure as above was carried out without using a polymer, and titration was determined. Residual monomer content was calculated as follows:
[186] Residual monomer (mol%) = (B-A) × 0.005 × f / moles of polymer
[187] {Where B: sodium thiosulfate solution consumption (ml) when using the polymer;
[188] A: consumption of sodium thiosulfate solution in blank test (ml)}
[189] The number of moles of polymer is the number of moles of starting monomer constituting the polymer.
[190] (Unique viscosity measurement method)
[191] (1) Into a 200 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 2 mmol (148.4 mg, in the case of polymer (1)) of accurately weighed, sufficiently dried acidic (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer were added and 90 ml of deionized water was added. The mixture was allowed to stand for 20 hours to dissolve the acid type (meth) acrylic acid polymer to obtain an aqueous solution. Thereafter, the aqueous solution was stirred for 2 hours using a magnetic stirrer, and all acid groups in the acid polymer were neutralized by adjusting the pH to 10.0 with sodium hydroxide. Thereafter, deionized water was added to make the total volume 100 ml, and all of them were filtered through a G-1 glass filter to remove insolubles. Thus, an aqueous 0.02 mmol / ml solution of the acidic (meth) acrylic acid polymer in neutralized form was obtained.
[192] (2) Then, 50 ml of an aqueous solution of the neutralized acid type (meth) acrylic acid polymer obtained as described in (1) above was added to 50 ml of a 4N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with stirring to neutralize in 2N sodium hydroxide. A 0.01 mmol / ml aqueous solution of the acid type (meth) acrylic acid polymer was obtained. The aqueous solution of the neutralized acid type (meth) acrylic acid polymer thus obtained was diluted with a 2N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to give (A) 0.008 mmol / ml aqueous solution, (B) 0.006 mmol / ml aqueous solution of the neutralized acid type (meth) acrylic acid polymer, (C) 0.004 mmol / ml aqueous solution and (D) 0.002 mmol / ml aqueous solution were obtained, respectively.
[193] (3) Thereafter, each 10 ml of the aqueous solutions (A) to (D) obtained as described in (2) above was added to each of four Cannon Fenske dynamic viscometers (product of Kusano Kagaku Kikai Seisakusho KK, # 100). Each put. The said dynamic viscometer was immersed for 30 minutes in the constant temperature water tank which adjusted the water temperature to 30 degreeC previously. The time t (seconds) for the aqueous solution to flow down between two predetermined graduations was measured. Further, the same procedure as above was carried out using a 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (E) as a blank instead of the aqueous solutions (A) to (D), and the time taken for the aqueous solution (E) to flow down t ₀ (sec) Was measured.
[194] (4) Then, relative viscosity η _rel (= t / t ₀ ), specific viscosity η _sp (= η _rel -1), and reduced viscosity η _sp / C were calculated for each of the four dynamic viscometers. Here, "C" is concentration (mmol / ml) of the (meth) acrylic-acid polymer aqueous solution. The graph was constructed by plotting these four calculated values with the concentration C (mmol / ml) (horizontal coordinates) of the aqueous solution of a (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer relative to the reduced viscosity η _sp / C (ml / mmol) (vertical coordinates). The intersection of the straight line and the abscissa connecting these calculated values was taken as the intrinsic viscosity (ml / mmol).
[195] (Measurement method of insoluble content)
[196] Deionized water (500 g) was placed in a 500 mL beaker and 1.0 g of sufficiently dried (meth) acrylic acid polymer was added to the deionized water while stirring using a magnetic stirrer. The insolubles were then separated by stirring using a jar tester at 25 ° C. for 2 hours (100 rpm) and then filtering through a 32 mesh filter. The insolubles were measured immediately (within 1 minute) to prevent the insolubles from drying and the insolubles content was calculated according to the following formula:
[197] Insoluble matter (mass%) = {mass of insoluble matter (g) / 500 (g)} × 100
[198] The above filtration and measurement were carried out at 25 ° C. and 60% humidity.
[199] Example 2
[200] In Example 1, except that 199.0 g of acrylic acid, 55.4 g of deionized water, 41.5 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 1.38 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50, and 2.76 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as.
[201] The degree of monomer neutralization in the reaction mixture was 18 mol%. The monomer concentration was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (2) containing a partially neutralized salt of polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (2) was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[202] Example 3
[203] 285 g of acrylic acid, 12.63 g of deionized water, 0.79 g of 5% aqueous solution of V-50 instead of 2% aqueous solution of V-50, and 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were omitted, omitting the use of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.58 g of a 5% aqueous solution of hypophosphite was used.
[204] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 0 mol%. The monomer concentration was 95 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (3) containing polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (3) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[205] Example 4
[206] Instead of acrylic acid in Example 1, 38.09 g of acrylic acid and 109.5 g of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid were used and 142.0 g of deionized water, 8.83 g of 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 0.53 g of 2% aqueous solution of V-50 The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.06 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite was used.
[207] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 10 mol%. The monomer concentration was 50 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (4) containing partially neutralized acrylic acid / 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (molar ratio: 50/50). The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (4) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[208] Example 5
[209] Instead of acrylic acid in Example 1, 188.1 g of acrylic acid and 17.62 g of sodium 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate (HAPS) were used and 74.58 g of deionized water, 15.66 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, V-50 A reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.35 g of a 2% aqueous solution of and 2.69 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used.
[210] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 10 mol%. The monomer concentration was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain polymer (5) containing partially neutralized acrylic acid / 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (molar ratio: 97/3). The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (5) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[211] Example 6
[212] Instead of acrylic acid in Example 1, 157.1 g of acrylic acid and 46.96 g of methacrylic acid (MAA) were used and 69.15 g of deionized water, 22.7 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 1.36 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and sodium hypophosphate The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2.73 g of a 2% aqueous solution of pit was used.
[213] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 10 mol%. The monomer concentration was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (6) containing partially neutralized acrylic acid / methacrylic acid (molar ratio: 80/20). The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (6) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[214] Example 7
[215] Photopolymerization initiator Darocure (DC) 1173 (product of Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Chemical name: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one in acrylic acid in place of the 2% aqueous solution of V-50 in Example 1) The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.42 g of a 2% solution of) and 202.4 g of acrylic acid and 69.75 g of deionized water were used.
[216] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 10 mol%. The monomer concentration was 70 mass%. The addition amount of Darocure 1173 was 0.01 g per mol of monomers. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (7) containing partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (7) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[217] Example 8
[218] The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that near-ultraviolet intensity of 7 W / m 2 was irradiated for 15 minutes starting thereafter, and then irradiated for an additional 15 minutes by increasing the intensity to 20 W / m 2. It prepared and superposed | polymerized and obtained the polymer (8) containing partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (8) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[219] Example 9
[220] 291 g of acrylic acid, 6.57 g of deionized water, 0.81 g of 5% aqueous solution of V-50 instead of 2% aqueous solution of V-50, and 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were omitted, omitting the use of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.62 g of a 5% aqueous solution of hypophosphite was used.
[221] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 0 mol%. The monomer concentration was 97 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (9) containing polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (9) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[222] Example 10
[223] Example 1, except that 120 g of aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was omitted and 120 g of acrylic acid, 177.5 g of deionized water, 0.83 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and 1.66 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in.
[224] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 0 mol%. The monomer concentration was 40 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mol of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (10) containing polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (10) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[225] Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 below are comparative examples for polymers having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol%.
[226] Comparative Example 1
[227] The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that deionized water was used in an amount of 71.18 g without using a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite as the chain transfer agent.
[228] The reaction mixture had a monomer neutralization degree of 10 mol% and a monomer concentration of 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative polymer (1) containing a partially neutralized salt of polyacrylic acid. The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (1) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen in this Comparative Example 1, the intrinsic viscosity was only about 27 ml / mmol when no chain transfer agent was used despite the monomer concentrations selected at high levels during the polymerization; The polymers failed to have the desired improved physical properties. The insolubles were considerably high, i.e., 12.2% as compared with the 0.3 to 3.8% range shown in Examples 1-10.
[229] Comparative Example 2
[230] A 2L 4 neck flask equipped with a nitrogen gas inlet, agitator, etc. was charged with 203.8 parts of acrylic acid and 71.18 parts of deionized water, and 23.6 parts of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added while cooling. Thus, the degree of neutralization of the monomer was 10 mol%. Thereafter, the dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling with nitrogen gas for 30 minutes while stirring the aqueous solution in the flask.
[231] Thereafter, 1.42 parts of a 2% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as a thermal polymerization initiator and 2.83 parts of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate were added. Thus, the amount of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride added was 0.01 g, and the amount of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate added was 0.02 g per mol of the monomer component. The monomer component concentration in the reaction mixture was 70%.
[232] The polymerization aspect in the comparative example 2 is conventional thermal polymerization. Even in thermal polymerization, water-soluble polymers having an intrinsic viscosity of about 24 ml / mmol can be produced, but the insoluble content becomes as high as 9.9%. Thus, when a water-soluble polymer having a degree of neutralization of less than 20 mol% is produced by conventional thermal polymerization techniques, the specific range of 30 ml / mmol or more, specifically 30-120 ml / mmol, while suppressing the insoluble content to a low level It is expected that it will be difficult to achieve the intrinsic viscosity within.
[233] 7 is a schematic view showing a polymerization vessel 14 used in Comparative Example 2. FIG. (a) is a top view of the polymerization vessel 14, (b) is a sectional view of the polymerization vessel 14. The polymerization vessel 14 includes a lower vessel 15, an upper vessel (cover portion) 16, a packing portion 18, and the like, each made of stainless steel (SUS 304). The cover portion 16 has a inlet 17a for filling the reaction mixture and a thermometer inlet 17b for inserting the measuring resistor (platinum wire).
[234] The above-mentioned reaction mixture was put into the above-mentioned light shielding polymerization vessel 14, and the said polymerization vessel 14 was immersed in the constant temperature water tank which adjusted the water temperature to 28 degreeC previously. The temperature of the reaction mixture immediately rose and thermal polymerization started. After 68 minutes, the temperature reached 64.5 ° C. (primary peak temperature). Thereafter, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath rose to 75 ° C, and after reaching the temperature, the polymerization was allowed to proceed for 60 minutes to complete the polymerization. After completion, the reaction product in the polymerization vessel 14 was cooled by lowering the temperature of the constant temperature bath to room temperature, the polymerization vessel 14 was decomposed, and the reaction product was taken out. In this way, a gelled partially neutralized polyacrylic acid was obtained. The gel-type partially neutralized polyacrylic acid was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative polymer (2). The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (2) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
[235] Comparative Example 3
[236] Instead of acrylic acid in Example 1, 87.3 g of acrylic acid, 202 g of deionized water, 10.1 g of 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 0.60 g of 2% aqueous solution of V-50, and 0 g of 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. Except for the reaction mixture, a reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction mixture had a monomer neutralization degree of 10 mol% and a monomer concentration of 30 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer, and the amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was allowed to polymerize in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a gel polymer. Attempts were made to cut the gel polymer with scissors, but the gel adhered to the scissors and was not easy to cut. The gel was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative polymer (3).
[237] Thus, in comparison with the water-soluble polymers prepared in the above-described embodiments, the water-soluble polymers prepared under the conditions of Comparative Example 3 are the inner walls of the polymerization vessel or polymerization apparatus, the stirring portion of the polymerization apparatus or the belt portion of the belt polymerization apparatus, or the belt. Since it is a polymer which adheres easily to the thermoplastic film used in a polymerization apparatus, or the grinder mounted as needed, it is considered that handleability is inferior.
[238] The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (3) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. The residual monomer content in Comparative Polymer (3) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 3.4 mol%.
[239] Thus, it was found that the water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of Comparative Example 3 had a higher residual monomer content as compared to the water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of the above-described Examples.
[240] Monomer composition (molar ratio)Monomer concentration (mass%)Content of neutralized group (mol%)Photopolymerization Initiator (g / mol)Chain Transfer Agent (g / mol)Light irradiation intensity at the start of polymerization (W / ㎡)Intrinsic Viscosity (ml / mmol)Insoluble matter (mass%) ExampleOneAA7010V-50, 0.010.0231160.3 2AA7018V-50, 0.010.023841.2 3AA950V-50, 0.010.023741.7 4AA / AMPS = 50/505010V-50, 0.010.0231061.5 5AA / HAPS = 97/37010V-50, 0.010.0231030.2 6AA / MAA = 80/207010V-50, 0.010.023940.9 7AA7010DC, 0.010.0231040.7 8AA7010V-50, 0.010.027911.2 9AA970V-50, 0.010.023423.5 10AA400V-50, 0.010.023363.8 Comparative exampleOneAA7010V-50, 0.01032712.2 2AA7010V-50, 0.010.02Thermal polymerization249.9 3AA3010V-50, 0.0103264.5
[241] In the following, Table 1 is described.
[242] Referring to the monomer composition (monomer component), "AA" stands for acrylic acid, "AMPS" stands for 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and "HAPS" stands for sodium 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropane For sulfonate, "MAA" stands for methacrylic acid.
[243] Referring to the photopolymerization initiator, "V-50" refers to 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride, and "DC" refers to Darocure 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- Phenyl-propan-1-one).
[244] When comparing Examples 3, 9 and 10 in Table 1 with each other, it is found that there is an optimum range in the relationship between monomer concentration and intrinsic viscosity of the water soluble polymer obtainable with the photopolymerization embodiment according to the present invention.
[245] Increasing the monomer concentration from 40% to 95% shows an increase in intrinsic viscosity from 36 to 74. Thus, when the monomer concentration is increased, the inherent viscosity may be increased in the case of the acidic water-soluble polymer. There is likewise an optimum range for monomer concentrations; When the monomer concentration increases to 97%, the intrinsic viscosity tends to decrease somewhat.
[246] For Example 8 (monomer concentration: 70%), the intrinsic viscosity was as high as 91. In Comparative Example 3 described below, the same monomer component as in Example 8 was used, and the use of a chain transfer agent, which is one of the components of the present invention, was omitted. However, it was prepared by photopolymerization at a low monomer concentration of 30% and the inherent viscosity in Comparative Example 3 was only 26. Thus, when the use of the chain transfer agent is combined with the increased monomer concentration in the photopolymerization process of the present invention, it is found that the intrinsic viscosity, which is one of the physical properties of the water-soluble polymer, increases.
[247] Referring to Table 1, the insoluble contents in Examples 9 and 10 were rather high. Thus, as a more preferable condition for the preparation of the water-soluble polymer of the present invention, an embodiment in which photopolymerization is carried out at a monomer concentration in the range of 50 to 95% during polymerization and an insoluble content in the polymer is 3% or less is more preferable.
[248] Example 11
[249] A poultice base was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 2.
[250] Ingredient Namemass% Polymer obtained in Example 1 (1)4 Glycerol20 kaoline10 gelatin5 Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (product of Wako Pure Chemical)2 Aluminum chlorideOne Methyl salicylate0.5 1-menthol0.5 Camper0.5 Peppermint oil0.5 water56 sum100
[251] The obtained poultice base material was applied on the nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 3 mm, and contacted with a finger to evaluate adhesion. Further, the poultice base material was placed in a 100 ml beaker at a thickness of 30 mm, and contacted with a finger to evaluate shape preservation (resilience). The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
[252] In shape preservation evaluation, it evaluated on the basis of whether finger-tip recesses made on the substrate by finger contact were completely restored to the original shape, or the speed of restoration to the original shape. "High shape preservation" means that the substrate quickly recovers to its original shape upon finger removal when the recess is made by the finger. A poultice base for measuring physical properties was prepared in a constant temperature room maintained at 25 ° C. and 60% humidity, and the adhesion and shape preservation were evaluated under the same conditions. In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, the poultice base material for measuring physical properties was also prepared in a constant temperature chamber maintained at 25 ° C. and 60% humidity, and evaluated for adhesion and shape preservation under the same conditions.
[253] Examples 12-20
[254] Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the polymers (2) to (10) obtained in Examples 2 to 10 were used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 11. The results are shown in Table 3.
[255] Comparative Examples 4, 5, and 7
[256] Except that Comparative Polymer (1), Comparative Polymer (2) or Comparative Polymer (3) obtained in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 or Comparative Example 3 was used instead of the Polymer (1) used in Example 11, A poultice substrate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 11 and evaluated for adhesion and shape preservation. The result obtained in this is shown in Table 3.
[257] The water-soluble polymers prepared under the conditions of Comparative Example 3 were found to be poor in adhesion and shape preservation properties, which are the properties required for the poultice agent, when compared to the water-soluble polymers prepared under the conditions of the above-described examples. On the contrary, the poultice agent using the water-soluble polymer manufactured under the manufacturing conditions which concerns on the structure of this invention was satisfactory in adhesiveness and shape retention.
[258] Comparative Example 6
[259] Example 11, except that 5 mass% of a mixture consisting of 75 parts of sodium polyacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000,000 and 25 parts of polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 was used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 11. A poultice substrate was prepared in the same manner as in and evaluated for adhesion and shape preservation. The results are shown in Table 3. Sodium polyacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000,000 as used in Comparative Example 6 had an insoluble content of 1.2%. The polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 as used in Comparative Example 6 had an insoluble content of 0%.
[260] Polymer usedAdhesionShape preservation Example 11Polymer obtained in Example 1 (1)55 Example 12Polymer obtained in Example 2 (2)43 Example 13Polymer obtained in Example 3 (3)34 Example 14Polymer obtained in Example 4 (4)44 Example 15Polymer obtained in Example 5 (5)45 Example 16Polymer obtained in Example 6 (6)54 Example 17Polymer obtained in Example 7 (7)45 Example 18Polymer obtained in Example 8 (8)45 Example 19Polymer obtained in Example 9 (9)33 Example 20Polymer obtained in Example 10 (10)33 Comparative Example 4Comparative Polymer (1) Obtained in Comparative Example 12One Comparative Example 5Comparative Polymer (2) Obtained in Comparative Example 222 Comparative Example 6Combined sodium polyacrylate with Mw 3,000,000 and polyacrylic acid with Mw 50,000OneOne Comparative Example 7Comparative Polymer (3) Obtained in Comparative Example 32One
[261] Adhesion Evaluation Criteria
[262] Adhesion: 5 (strong) → 1 (weak)
[263] Shape Preservation Evaluation Criteria
[264] Shape Retention: 5 (good) → 1 (bad)
[265] Example 21
[266] A planetary type mixer (soil mixer) equipped with a beater stir blade was filled with a predetermined amount of hydrous soil, which is 45% of the residual water content generated during general civil works in Kanto. Thereafter, while stirring the hydrous soil at 160 rpm, per 100 parts by weight of hydrous soil, 0.07 parts by weight of the polymer (1) obtained in Example 1 was added, and the mixture was stirred for 60 seconds from the time of addition, thereby averaging granules. Granules 4 mm in diameter were obtained.
[267] In this Example 21, the water-soluble polymer was evaluated for its ability to modify the excavated soil. If the excavated soil treatment provided granulated soil with as small an average granular diameter as possible after residual soil treatment, the treatment was evaluated to have good performance.
[268] Examples 22-30
[269] Evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21, except that the polymers (2) to (10) obtained in Examples 2 to 10 were used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 4.
[270] Comparative Examples 8, 9 and 10
[271] Except that the comparative polymer (1), the comparative polymer (2) or the comparative polymer (3) obtained in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 or Comparative Example 3 was used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 21, Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 4.
[272] With respect to performance as an excavation soil treatment agent, the water-soluble polymers of Examples 1 to 10 when used as excavation soil treatment agents provided average residual soil granule diameters of 2 to 13 mm. On the other hand, when the same residual soil was treated with a digging soil treatment containing the water-soluble polymers of the comparative example, only granulated residual soils having a relatively large average grain diameter, that is, an average granule diameter of 22 to 29 mm, could be obtained. there was. Granulation After Treatment The residual soil can have a reduced average granule diameter and thus becomes easier to treat will be considered as one of the desirable effects of the excavated soil treating agent in which the water-soluble polymer of the present invention is used. The water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of Comparative Example 3, compared with the water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of the above-described embodiment according to the present invention, reduced soil treatment performance, more specifically, residual soil granule diameter required for the excavated soil treatment agent. The ability was found to be poor.
[273] Comparative Example 11
[274] The evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21, except that polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 800,000 and an insoluble content of 0.6 mass% was used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 4.
[275] Comparative Example 12
[276] The evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21, except that polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 1,400,000 and an insoluble content of 7.3 mass% was used instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 4.
[277] Polymer usedAverage granule diameter (mm) Example 21Polymer obtained in Example 1 (1)4 Example 22Polymer obtained in Example 2 (2)5 Example 23Polymer obtained in Example 3 (3)5 Example 24Polymer obtained in Example 4 (4)2 Example 25Polymer obtained in Example 5 (5)3 Example 26Polymer obtained in Example 6 (6)3 Example 27Polymer obtained in Example 7 (7)6 Example 28Polymer obtained in Example 8 (8)9 Example 29Polymer obtained in Example 9 (9)13 Example 30Polymer obtained in Example 10 (10)11 Comparative Example 8Comparative Polymer (1) Obtained in Comparative Example 122 Comparative Example 9Comparative Polymer (2) Obtained in Comparative Example 229 Comparative Example 10Comparative Polymer (3) Obtained in Comparative Example 326 Comparative Example 11Polyacrylic Acid with Mw80000025 Comparative Example 12Polyacrylic acid with Mw140000027
[278] Example 31
[279] A 2 L four-neck flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet tube, agitator, and the like was charged with 135 g of acrylic acid and 159.7 g of deionized water. Thus, the degree of neutralization of the monomer was 0 mol%. Thereafter, dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling nitrogen gas while stirring the aqueous acrylic acid solution in the flask. Thereafter, 1.88 g of a 0.2% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, trade name: V-50) as a thermal polymerization initiator was added to the aqueous solution, a thermal polymerization initiator. 1.5 g of a 1% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis [2- (imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (available from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, trade name VA-044), and sodium hypophosphite 1.88 g of 1% aqueous solution was added. Thus, the amount of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride per mole of the monomer component was 0.002 g, and 2,2'-azobis [2- (imidazolin-2-yl) Propane] dihydrochloride was used in an amount of 0.008 g, and the amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.01 g. The monomer component concentration in the reaction mixture was 45%.
[280] The above-mentioned reaction mixture was put into the light-shielding polymerization vessel 10 used in Comparative Example 2, and the polymerization vessel was immersed in a constant temperature bath in which the water temperature was previously adjusted to 21 ° C. The temperature of the reaction mixture immediately rose and thermal polymerization started. After 33 minutes, the temperature reached 36.4 ° C. (primary peak temperature). Thereafter, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath was raised to 45 ° C., maintained at this temperature for 45 minutes, and the reaction temperature reached 52 ° C. (secondary peak temperature). Thereafter, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath rose to 75 ° C, and after reaching the temperature, the polymerization was allowed to proceed for 60 minutes to complete the polymerization. After completion, the reaction product in the polymerization vessel was cooled by lowering the temperature of the constant temperature bath to room temperature. The polymerization vessel was then decomposed and the reaction product was taken out. In this way, gelled polyacrylic acid was obtained. The gel polymer was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer (11). The intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content of the polymer (11) were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5.
[281] In Table 5, V-50 (trade name, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) means 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, and V-044 (trade name, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) Means 2,2'-azobis [2- (imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride.
[282] Monomer composition (molar ratio)Monomer concentration (mass%)Neutralized group content (mol%)Thermal polymerization initiator (g / mol)Chain Transfer Agent (g / mol)Intrinsic Viscosity (ml / mmol)Insoluble matter (mass%) Example 31AA450V-50, 0.002VA-044, 0.0080.01333.9
[283] [B] Examples of water-soluble polymers having a content of neutralized groups of 20 to 80 mol%
[284] Example 32
[285] A 500 ml stainless steel container was charged with 222.9 g of acrylic acid and 3.32 g of deionized water, and 64.5 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added while cooling to obtain an aqueous solution of a partially neutralized salt of acrylic acid. Dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling an aqueous solution of the partially neutralized salt of acrylic acid with nitrogen gas. Then, after adjusting the temperature of the aqueous solution to 10 ℃, photopolymerization initiator V-50 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, azo photopolymerization initiator, chemical name: 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride) 4.64 g of a 2% aqueous solution of and 4.64 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite as a chain transfer agent were added, followed by uniform mixing with the monomer solution.
[286] Acrylic acid and sodium acrylate were contained as monomers in the reaction mixture, and the ratio of the salt forming monomer (sodium acrylate) to the total monomers, ie, the degree of neutralization, was 25 mol%. The monomer (acrylic acid and sodium acrylate) concentration in the reaction mixture was 80 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer.
[287] The same polymerization as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain a gel polymer. The residual monomer content of the gel polymer obtained above was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 0.2 mol%. The gel polymer was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer 12 comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The gel polymer could be easily cut with scissors without sticking to the scissors. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (12) were measured by the following method. The results are shown in Table 6.
[288] (Measure of Weight Average Inertia Radius)
[289] (1) A 0.5% aqueous solution of the (meth) acrylic acid polymer was adjusted to pH 10 (25 ° C) by adding a 5% by mass aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to obtain a fully neutralized polymer solution. Then, a solution containing 0.16 M / L NaCl and the polymer neutralized at the following concentration was prepared by adding NaCl and deionized water. Thus, the neutralized (meth) acrylic acid polymers were respectively (A) 0.05 mg / ml, (B) 0.1 mg / ml, (C) 0.2 mg / ml, (D) 0.4 mg / ml, (E) 0.5 mg / A solution containing ml, (F) 1 mg / ml and (G) 2 mg / ml was prepared.
[290] (2) The solutions (A) to (G) were each filtered through a membrane filter of 0.45 탆 to obtain measurement samples (A) to (G). Subsequently, measurement samples (A) to (D) were measured for light scattering intensity using a dynamic light scattering photometer (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., DSL-700). Measurement samples (E) to (G) were measured for refractive index using a highly sensitive differential refractometer (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., RM-102). All measurements were performed at a constant temperature of 25 ° C.
[291] (3) Berry Plot method using calculation software (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., DLS-700S) from light scattering intensity of measurement samples (A) to (D) and refractive index of measurement samples (E) to (G) By this, the weight average inertia radius was calculated.
[292] As mentioned above, the weight average inertia radius mentioned herein is determined by the Berry Plot method from the light scattering intensity measured using a refractive index and a dynamic light scattering photometer, for a polymer solution neutralized to a certain concentration.
[293] The rate of change of refractive index (dn / dc) with respect to the sample concentration, which is necessary to calculate the weight average inertia radius, is measured using the high sensitivity differential refractometer. The Berry Plot method used in the practice of the present invention is described by G. C. Berry et al. In Journal of Chemical Physics, 44, 12 (1966), pp. 4550-4564.
[294] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publications No. 8-67715 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publications No. 9-296388 disclose weight-average inertia radii of acrylamide polymers similar to the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymers of the present invention. ), A multi-angle light scattering detection device can be connected to the detector of the device, and measured by the Debye Plot method. The weight average inertial radius refers to the weight average inertial radius and a weight-average root mean square radius, <S ^2> corresponds to ^one-half. In some instances, Berry Plot (very high molecular weight), Zimm Plot (medium to high molecular weight) or Debye Plot (low molecular weight) methods may be used, depending on the molecular weight of the target polymer being measured. Berry Plot method is a commonly used municipal method when the molecular weight is very high, that is, 1,000,000 or more by the weight average molecular weight measured by GPC.
[295] Further, US Pat. No. 6,017,669 (corresponding to Japanese Patent Publication No. 3155930 and European Patent 764889) describes the inertia radius S of the binder resin in the toner composition. In this publication, the same dynamic light scattering photometer (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) was used as the high sensitivity differential refractometer used herein.
[296] In addition to the above, a number of references or commentary documents dealing with weight average inertia radii have been issued. In addition, Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. The instruction manual attached to the dynamic light scattering measuring apparatus of the company describes the weight average inertia radius calculation method as described above.
[297] In addition, the weight average inertia radius is described in "Kobunshi Jiten" (Society of Polymer Science, edited by Japan, published by Asakura Shoten, 1985, 9th edition, pp. 45-49).
[298] Example 33
[299] The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 226.2 g of acrylic acid, 12.05 g of deionized water, 52.3 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 4.71 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and 4.71 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. A mixture was prepared.
[300] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 20 mol%. The monomer concentration was 80 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (13) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (13) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[301] Example 34
[302] The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 120.53 g of acrylic acid, 62.87 g of deionized water, 111.58 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 2.51 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and 2.51 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. A mixture was prepared.
[303] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 80 mol%. The monomer concentration was 50 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (14) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (14) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[304] Example 35
[305] 2% solution of photopolymerization initiator Darocure (DC) 1173 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, chemical name; 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one) in acrylic acid instead of the V-50 2% aqueous solution of Example 32 The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 4.64 g was used and 218.2 g of acrylic acid and 8.02 g of deionized water were used.
[306] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 25 mol%. The monomer concentration was 80 mass%. The addition amount of Darocure 1173 was 0.03 g per mol of monomers. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (15) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (15) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[307] Example 36
[308] Instead of 222.9 g of acrylic acid of Example 32, 44.69 g of acrylic acid and 128.3 g of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) were used, 97.42 g of deionized water, 25.83 g of 48% sodium hydroxide solution, and V-50 2% The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 1.86 g of an aqueous solution and 1.86 g of an aqueous sodium hypophosphite 2% solution were used.
[309] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 25 mol%. The monomer concentration was 60 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (16) comprising partially neutralized acrylic acid / 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (molar ratio: 50/50). The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (16) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[310] Example 37
[311] Instead of acrylic acid of Example 32, 206.3 g of acrylic acid and 19.32 g of 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate (HAPS) were used, 11.32 g of deionized water, 54.2 g of 48% sodium hydroxide solution, V-50 2% The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32 except that 4.43 g of an aqueous solution and 4.43 g of a sodium hypophosphite 2% aqueous solution were used.
[312] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 25 mol%. The monomer concentration was 80 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (17) comprising partially neutralized acrylic acid / 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (molar ratio: 97/3). The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (17) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[313] Example 38
[314] Instead of acrylic acid of Example 32, 172.1 g of acrylic acid and 51.41 g of methacrylic acid (MAA) were used, 5.28 g of deionized water, 62.25 g of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 4.48 g of 2-50% aqueous solution of V-50 and sodium hypophosphite 2 The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 4.48 g of% aqueous solution was used.
[315] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 25 mol%. The monomer concentration was 80 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to give a polymer 18 comprising partially neutralized acrylic acid / methacrylic acid (molar ratio: 80/20). The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (18) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[316] Example 39
[317] Same manner as in Example 32, except that near-ultraviolet radiation was irradiated at an intensity of 7 W / m 2 for 15 minutes from the beginning, and then the intensity was increased to 20 W / m 2, followed by irradiation for an additional 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was prepared and polymerized to give a polymer (19) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer (19) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[318] Example 40
[319] The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 106.9 g of acrylic acid, 139.2 g of deionized water, 49.5 g of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, 2.22 g of a 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and 2.22 g of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite were used. A mixture was prepared.
[320] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 40 mol%. The monomer concentration was 40 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer 20 including partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer 20 were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[321] Example 41
[322] Polymer 21 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 33, except that the monomer concentration was changed as shown in Table 6, and the weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer 21 was determined in It was measured in the same way. The results are shown in Table 6.
[323] Example 42
[324] The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 32, except that 94.10 g of acrylic acid, 105.29 g of deionized water, 98.0 g of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 1.96 g of 2% aqueous solution of V-50 and 0.65 g of 2% aqueous sodium hypophosphite solution were used. A mixture was prepared. The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 90 mol%. The monomer concentration was 40 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a polymer (22) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the polymer 22 were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[325] Comparative Example 13
[326] The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32 except that the use of an aqueous sodium hypophosphite 2% solution was omitted and 7.96 g of deionized water was used.
[327] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 25 mol%. The monomer concentration was 80 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a comparative polymer (4) comprising partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (4) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[328] Comparative Example 14
[329] A 2L four-neck flask equipped with a nitrogen gas introduction tube, agitator, etc. was charged with 222.9 parts of acrylic acid and 3.32 parts of deionized water, and 64.5 parts of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added while cooling. Thus, the degree of neutralization of the monomer was 25 mol%. Thereafter, dissolved oxygen was removed by bubbling nitrogen gas into the solution for 30 minutes while stirring the aqueous solution in the flask.
[330] Thereafter, 4.64 parts of a 2% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride as a thermal polymerization initiator and 4.64 parts of a 2% aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate were added to the aqueous solution. Thus, the amount of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride per mole of monomer was 0.03 g, and the amount of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate was 0.03 g. The monomer component concentration in the reaction mixture was 80%.
[331] Using the same polymerization vessel as in Comparative Example 2, the same procedure was carried out to obtain partially neutralized polyacrylic acid in gelled form. The gel-type partially neutralized polyacrylic acid was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a comparative polymer (5). The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (5) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6.
[332] Comparative Example 15
[333] Except for using acrylic acid 97.5 g, deionized water 172.27 g, 28.2 g of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 2.03 g of 2-50% aqueous solution of V-50 and 0 g of 2% aqueous sodium hypophosphite solution instead of acrylic acid of Example 32 The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as 32. The reaction mixture had a degree of neutralization of 25 mol% of monomers. The monomer concentration was 35 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.03 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0 g per mole of monomer. The reaction mixture was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 32 to obtain a gel polymer. An attempt was made to cut the gel polymer with scissors, but the gel adhered to the scissors and its cutting was not easy.
[334] Thus, in comparison with the water-soluble polymers prepared under the conditions of Examples 32 to 42 described above, the water-soluble polymers obtained under the conditions of Comparative Example 15 have a smaller weight average inertia radius, and the inner wall of the polymerization vessel or polymerization apparatus, polymerization Since the polymer easily adheres to the belt portion of the stirring apparatus or the belt polymerization apparatus of the apparatus, or the thermoplastic film used in the belt polymerization apparatus, or the grinder to be mounted as necessary, the handleability can be judged to be inferior.
[335] The gel was treated in the same manner as in Example 32 to give a comparative polymer (6). The weight average inertia radius and insoluble content of the comparative polymer (6) were measured in the same manner as in Example 32. The results are shown in Table 6. The residual monomer content in Comparative Polymer (6) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 2.8 mol%.
[336] It was found that the water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of Comparative Example 15 had a higher residual monomer content as compared to the water-soluble polymer prepared under the conditions of the above-described Examples. In addition, the weight average inertia radius of the water soluble polymer is smaller than the values disclosed in Examples 32 to 42. Therefore, it can be judged that the water-soluble polymer prepared in Comparative Example 15 is inferior to the water-soluble polymer disclosed in the examples in the aggregation effect and the thickening effect.
[337] Monomer composition (molar ratio)Monomer concentration (mass%)Content of neutralized group (mol%)Photopolymerization Initiator (g / mol)Chain Transfer Agent (g / mol)Light irradiation intensity at the start of polymerization (W / ㎡)Weight average inertia radius (nm)Insoluble matter (mass%) Example32AA8025V-50, 0.030.0332312.6 33AA8020V-50, 0.030.0332452.8 34AA5080V-50, 0.030.0331833.9 35AA8025DC, 0.030.0332223.2 36AA / AMPS = 50/506025V-50, 0.030.0332452.3 37AA / HAPS = 97/38025V-50, 0.030.0332432.4 38AA / MAA = 80/208025V-50, 0.030.0332323.3 39AA8025V-50, 0.030.0372143.8 40AA4040V-50, 0.030.0331624.7 41AA9020V-50, 0.030.0331654.5 42AA4090V-50, 0.030.0131774.3 Comparative example13AA8025V-50, 0.03031458.9 14AA8025V-50, 0.030.03Thermal polymerization13316.8 15AA3525V-50, 0.03031285.8
[338] The same symbols as used in Table 1 are used in Table 6.
[339] From Table 6, in Examples 33 and 34, the content of slightly neutralized groups is different, but the monomer concentration is increased from 50% to 80%, resulting in a low insoluble content but a weight average inertia radius of 183. To 245, in Examples 40 and 39, the content of slightly neutralized groups is different, but the monomer concentration is increased from 40% to 80%, resulting in a low insoluble content, but with a weight average inertia Water-soluble polymers having a radius of from 162 to 214, and obtained by the photopolymerization method according to the present invention, having a content of 20 to 80 mol% of neutralized groups, increased with increasing monomer concentration during photopolymerization. It can be seen that the weight inertia square radius and improved physical properties can be obtained. When producing polymers having a large weight inertia square radius by conventional methods, the polymers obtained tended to increase insoluble content, but in embodiments of the production process of the present invention, the total insolubles are 5% or less It can be seen that the polymer obtained has very good physical properties. In addition, in Comparative Example 15, no chain transfer agent was used, and the monomer concentration was as low as 35% so that the weight inertia square radius of the water-soluble polymer obtained was only about 128; The water soluble polymer obtained did not exhibit good physical properties.
[340] From these results, the use of the chain transfer agent and the increased monomer concentration in the photopolymerization used in the photopolymerization according to the present invention make it possible to obtain a water-soluble polymer having good physical properties.
[341] Example 43
[342] A poultice base was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 7 below.
[343] Ingredient Namemass% Polymer obtained in example 32 (12)5 Glycerol20 kaoline10 gelatin5 Polyoxyethylene (2) sorbitan monooleate (from Wako Pure Chemical)2 Aluminum chlorideOne Methyl salicylate0.5 1-methanol0.5 Camper0.5 Peppermint oil0.5 water55 total100
[344] Adhesion and shape preservation (resilience) were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 10. The results are shown in Table 8.
[345] Examples 44-51
[346] A poultice substrate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 43 except that each of the polymers (13) to (20) prepared in Examples 33 to 40 was used instead of the polymer (12) of Example 43, And shape preservation (resilience) were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 8.
[347] Comparative Examples 16, 17 and 19
[348] Except for using each of the comparative polymers (4), comparative polymers (5) or comparative polymers (6) prepared in Comparative Example 13, Comparative Example 14 or Comparative Example 15 in place of the polymer (12) of Example 43, A poultice base material was produced in the same manner as in Example 43, and adhesion and shape preservation (resilience) were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 8.
[349] Comparative Example 18
[350] Example 43, except that a mixture consisting of 75 parts of sodium polyacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000,000 and 25 parts of poly acrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 was used instead of the polymer (12) of Example 43. A poultice base material was produced in the same manner, and the adhesion and shape preservation (resilience) were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 8.
[351] Sodium polyacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000,000 used in Comparative Example 18 had an insoluble content of 1.2%, and polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 used in Comparative Example 18 had an insoluble content of 0%. Had
[352] Polymer usedAdhesionShape preservation Example 43Polymer obtained in example 32 (12)54 Example 44Polymer obtained in example 33 (13)45 Example 45Polymer obtained in example 34 (14)33 Example 46Polymer obtained in example 35 (15)44 Example 47Polymer obtained in example 36 (16)54 Example 48Polymer obtained in example 37 (17)55 Example 49Polymer obtained in example 38 (18)55 Example 50Polymer obtained in example 39 (19)44 Example 51Polymer obtained in example 40 (20)33 Comparative Example 16Comparative Polymer (4) Obtained in Comparative Example 112One Comparative Example 17Comparative Polymer Obtained in Comparative Example 12 (5)22 Comparative Example 18Combined use of sodium polyacrylate with Mw 3000000 and polyacrylic acid with Mw 5000032 Comparative Example 19Comparative Polymer Obtained in Comparative Example 13 (6)22
[353] In Table 8, the criteria for the adhesion evaluation and the shape preservation evaluation are the same as in Table 4.
[354] Examples 52-60
[355] Each polymer (12) to (20) obtained in Examples 32 to 40 was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 21 except for using instead of the polymer (1) used in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 9.
[356] Comparative Examples 20, 21 and 22
[357] Each comparative polymer (4), comparative polymer (5) or comparative polymer (6) prepared in Comparative Example 13, Comparative Example 14 or Comparative Example 15 was used in place of the polymer (1) used in Example 21. Was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 9.
[358] Polymer usedAverage granule diameter (mm) Example 52Polymer obtained in example 32 (12)4 Example 53Polymer obtained in example 33 (13)3 Example 54Polymer obtained in example 34 (14)5 Example 55Polymer obtained in example 35 (15)4 Example 56Polymer obtained in example 36 (16)2 Example 57Polymer obtained in example 37 (17)2 Example 58Polymer obtained in example 38 (18)6 Example 59Polymer obtained in example 39 (19)9 Example 60Polymer obtained in example 40 (20)12 Comparative Example 20Comparative Polymer (4) Obtained in Comparative Example 1123 Comparative Example 21Comparative Polymer Obtained in Comparative Example 12 (5)26 Comparative Example 22Comparative Polymer Obtained in Comparative Example 13 (6)22
[359] Example 61
[360] The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Acrylic acid and sodium acrylate were contained as monomers in the reaction mixture, and the proportion of salt-forming monomers (sodium acrylate) among all the monomers, ie, the degree of neutralization, was 10 mol%. The monomer (acrylic acid and sodium acrylate) concentration in the reaction mixture was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer.
[361] The same polymerization vessel as used in Example 1 was used. Cold water at 10 ° C. was introduced into the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel through socket 12 and discharged to socket 13, and at the same time, the bottom 11 of the polymerization vessel was covered with saran wrap and the space into which the reaction mixture was introduced was nitrogen. Washed with. Thereafter, the reaction mixture was introduced into the polymerization vessel, and a near ultraviolet ray having a wavelength range of 300 to 450 nm and an intensity of 30 W / m 2 was used for 30 seconds using a black light mercury lamp (Model H400BL-L manufactured by Toshiba). Investigate. Immediately after the start of the irradiation, the polymerization was started. Thereafter, a light blocking plate that was very opaque to light was inserted just below the mercury lamp to inhibit the light from irradiating the reaction mixture. This non-irradiation period was maintained for 30 seconds. After the procedure was repeated eight times, the light shield plate was completely removed and maintained for 7 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature of the cold water introduced through the socket 12 was raised to 80 ° C. and maintained at this temperature for 5 minutes to complete the polymerization. During this process, the polymerization proceeded very smoothly without any abnormal reactions such as bumping. This gave a gel polymer.
[362] In the gel polymer, the residual monomer content relative to the starting monomer used was measured by the same method as used in Example 1, and the content was 0.8 mol%. The gel polymer obtained was then cut into pieces using scissors, dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C., and the dried product was crushed in a tabletop mill and then sorted by passing through a 40 mesh sieve to partially neutralize the polyacrylic acid. A polymer (23) containing a salt was obtained. The polymer (23) dissolved in deionized water was dissolved at a concentration of 0.2%, and stirred for 30 minutes at 100 rpm using a jar tester. The type B viscosity of the aqueous solution at 30 ° C. was 190 mPa · s, and little insoluble was observed.
[363] Example 62
[364] 157.1 g of acrylic acid and 46.96 g of methacrylic acid were used instead of 203.8 g of acrylic acid used in Example 61, 69.15 g instead of 68.35 g of deionized water, 22.7 g instead of 23.6 g of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and V- The reaction mixture was prepared in the same manner as in Example 61, except that 1.36 g instead of 1.42 g of 50 2% aqueous solution and 2.73 g instead of 2.83 g of sodium hypophosphite 2% aqueous solution were used.
[365] The degree of neutralization of the monomers in the reaction mixture was 10 mol%. The monomer concentration was 70 mass%. The amount of V-50 added was 0.01 g per mole of monomer. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.02 g per mole of monomer. In the same manner as in Example 61, a gel polymer was obtained.
[366] The residual monomer content of the gel polymer was measured in the same manner as used in Example 1, and found to be 1.1 mol%. The gel polymer was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a polymer 24 comprising partially neutralized acrylic acid / methacrylic acid (molar ratio: 80/20). A 0.2% aqueous solution of the polymer (24) had a viscosity of 143 mPa · s, and very small insolubles were observed.
[367] Example 63
[368] Near-ultraviolet radiation was irradiated on the upper surface of the belt with an irradiation strength of 30 W / m 2 while supplying nitrogen gas continuously to the hood of the belt polymerizer having a belt having a width of 15 cm and a length of 150 cm made of stainless steel SUS 304.
[369] The belt polymerizer had a hood having a weft of 1.5 cm in height for retaining the reaction mixture on the upper surface of the belt, and a structure hanging over the upper surface of the belt for allowing nitrogen gas to pass therethrough. The hood had three near ultraviolet lamps with a wavelength range of 300 to 450 nm disposed in the longer axial direction of the belt. Near the top of the dam, 20 light shielding plates 2.5 cm wide and 15 cm long were disposed thereon at an equal interval of 2.5 cm from the reaction mixture supply position. In addition, the polymerizer had a structure in which the reaction mixture could be cooled or heated from below the surface of the belt using cooling water or hot water.
[370] The same reaction mixture as used in Example 1, with the dissolved oxygen previously removed, was fed to the upper surface of the belt. At the beginning of the feed, the belt was continuously moved at a speed of 5 cm / min. Thereby, the reaction mixture was irradiated with 30 W / m <2> of near ultraviolet rays for 30 minutes at 30 second intervals. During this operation, the reaction mixture was cooled by spraying cold water at a temperature of 5 ° C. in a showered fashion from below the belt. Immediately in the heating zone of the next step, near-ultraviolet rays of 30 W / m 2 were continuously irradiated for 10 minutes. During this period, the reaction product (gel) was heated by spraying hot water at a temperature of 80 ° C. in a shower-like manner from under the belt. The reaction product (gel) was collected from the belt outlet using a scraper to obtain a gel polymer.
[371] The residual monomer content in the gel polymer was measured in the same manner as used in Example 1, and found to be 1.4 mol%. The gel polymer was treated in the same manner as in Example 61 to obtain a polymer 25 containing partially neutralized polyacrylic acid. A 0.2% aqueous solution of the polymer (25) had a viscosity of 188 mPa · s and very small insolubles were observed.
[372] Example 64
[373] The same polymerization was carried out as in Example 61, except that the near-ultraviolet irradiation method irradiated light of 30 W / m 2 intensity continuously for 15 minutes from the beginning without using any light shielding plate. 45 seconds after the start of irradiation, the reaction mixture was bumped and a small amount of gelled material was attached to the saran wrap. After the completion of the polymerization, the residual monomer content in the gel was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 4.6%. After completion of the polymerization, the gel was treated in the same manner as in Example 61 to obtain a polymer (26) containing a partially neutralized salt of polyacrylic acid. A 0.2% aqueous solution of the polymer (26) had a viscosity of 33 mPa · s, and a large amount of insoluble matter was observed.
[374] Example 65
[375] The polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 61, except that the near-ultraviolet irradiation method irradiated with light of 12 W / m 2 intensity for 15 minutes from the start without using any light shielding plate. The polymerization proceeded smoothly and no bumping or anomalous reactions occurred. After completion of the polymerization, the residual monomer content in the gel was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 2.7 mol%. After completion of the polymerization, the gel was treated in the same manner as in Example 61 to obtain a polymer (27) containing a partially neutralized salt of polyacrylic acid. A 0.2% aqueous solution of the polymer (27) had a viscosity of 83 mPa · s, and a small amount of insoluble matter was observed.
[376] Example 66
[377] Belt polymerizer (ST-boat type belt conveyor) equipped with a black light mercury lamp (Toshiba's product, model H400-BL-L) which has an irradiation intensity of 22 W / m 2 on the upper surface of the reaction mixture (polymer). belt conveyer), Toyo Kogyo, Conveyor length 8,800 mm, Belt width 1,000 mm, Belt material: Fibre-reinforced Teflon (registered trade name) is passed through nitrogen gas so that the oxygen concentration in the space portion (space above the reaction mixture) is 0.5 volume. It was made to be below%. At one end of the belt polymerizer, a reaction mixture was prepared which had been adjusted to 10 ° C. in advance and composed of 83.9 parts of acrylic acid, 83.8 parts of deionized water, 1.18 parts of 5% Darocure 1173 acrylic acid solution and 1.18 parts of 3% aqueous sodium hypophosphite solution. . The acrylic acid concentration in the reaction mixture was 50%. The addition amount of Darocure 1173 was 0.05 g per mol of acrylic acid. The amount of sodium hypophosphite added was 0.03 g per mol of acrylic acid. The feed rate was adjusted so that the thickness of the reaction mixture in the deepest part or region was 25 mm in total. The belt speed was adjusted so that the polymerization time totaled 20 minutes. A gel polymer comprising polyacrylic acid was obtained from the other end of the belt polymerizer. A small cutter (Masuko Sangyo, model MKB # 22, die diameter 4.8 mm) to cut the gel polymer into pieces with scissors using a scissors and to roughly grind. ). The roughly ground material was spread on a sheet of iron to a layer height of 25 mm and dried for 60 minutes in a hot air circulation dryer controlled at 140 ° C. The dry product was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 and the intrinsic viscosity and insoluble content were measured. The intrinsic viscosity was 107 ml / mmol and the insoluble content was 0.7%.
[378] The method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to the present invention having the above-described configuration can reduce the risk of bumping the polymerization reaction mixture by reducing the polymerization time and lowering the polymerization temperature, and only sufficiently increases the molecular weight. It also improves productivity, allowing the production of (meth) acrylic acid based water soluble polymers having good basic performance properties and low insoluble content.
[379] The (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer of the present invention having the above-described structure can exhibit excellent cohesive effect and thickening effect, and thus can be appropriately applied in various fields. When used as an excavation soil treatment agent, the stability is remarkable, and even with a low addition amount, the hydrous soil can be reformed into a high-strength soil. When used as a poultice agent additive, high adhesion and shape preservation can be provided.

权利要求:
Claims (12)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] When the total of the acid group contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer and the group in the neutralized state is represented by 100 mol%, the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a content of the group in the neutralized state of 90 mol% or less As a manufacturing method,
A photopolymerization step of polymerizing the monomer components by irradiating the reaction mixture with near ultraviolet rays,
The reaction mixture comprises a monomer component, a photopolymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent and a polymerization solvent,
When the total monomer component used for the polymerization is represented by 100 mol%, the monomer component contains 50 mol% or more of (meth) acrylic acid monomer,
Wherein the concentration of said monomer component in said reaction mixture during the polymerization is between 40 and 97 mass%.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to claim 1, wherein in the photopolymerization step, polymerization is carried out by irradiating near ultraviolet with an intensity of 0.1 to 100 W / m 2.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of the monomer component in the reaction mixture is 50 to 95 mass%.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the photopolymerization step, polymerization is performed by irradiating near ultraviolet with an intensity of 10 W / m 2 or less.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] The reaction mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the photopolymerization step, when the (meth) acrylic acid monomer used for photopolymerization is represented by 100 mol%, after the polymerization is initiated by near-ultraviolet irradiation, A method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer, wherein the strength of irradiated near-ultraviolet is reduced to be lower than that of irradiated near-ultraviolet for initiation of polymerization in a state where the meth) acrylic acid monomer is present in an amount of 3 to 90 mol%. .
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the photopolymerization step, after the start of the polymerization by the near ultraviolet irradiation, the step of reducing the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity to be lower than the strength at the start of the polymerization and the near ultraviolet irradiation intensity Wherein the polymerization is carried out by alternately repeating the steps of increasing the above higher than the reduced irradiation intensity.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] When the sum of the acid groups contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer and the group in the neutralized state is represented by 100 mol%, it is a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer having a content of groups in the neutralized state of less than 20 mol%. ,
The intrinsic viscosity of the neutralized product obtained by neutralizing the total acid groups of the polymer in a 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 30 ° C. is 30 to 120 ml / mmol,
Insoluble content in deionized water is less than 5% by mass,
The insoluble content was added 1.0 g of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer to 500 g of deionized water, the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours, the mixture was filtered through a 32 mesh filter, and insoluble The water is separated in a hydrous state, and the following formula:
Insoluble matter Content (mass%) = {mass of insoluble matter (g) / 500 (g)} × 100
A polymer which is a value determined by calculation in accordance with.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] The (meth) acrylic acid type water-soluble polymer of Claim 7 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the (meth) acrylic acid type water-soluble polymer of any one of Claims 1-6.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] As a (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer manufactured by the manufacturing method of the (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer of any one of Claims 1-6,
In the case where the total of acid groups contained in the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer and the group in the neutralized state is represented by 100 mol%, the content of the group in the neutralized state is 20 to 80 mol%,
Has a weight average inertia radius of at least 160 nm in a fully neutralized state,
Has an insoluble content of less than 5% by mass in deionized water,
The insoluble content was added 1.0 g of the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer to 500 g of deionized water, the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours, the mixture was filtered through a 32 mesh filter, and insoluble The water is separated in a hydrous state, and the following formula:
Insoluble matter Content (mass%) = {mass of insoluble matter (g) / 500 (g)} × 100
A polymer which is a value determined by calculation in accordance with.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 7, wherein the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer is 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and / or salts thereof and / or 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy. A (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer prepared by polymerizing a monomer component comprising propanesulfonic acid and / or a salt thereof.
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] A dug soil treating agent comprising the (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble polymer according to any one of claims 7 to 10 as a main component.
[12" claim-type="Currently amended] The cataplasm additive which contains the (meth) acrylic-acid water-soluble polymer as described in any one of Claims 7-10 as a main component.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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WO2003048217A1|2003-06-12|

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DE60218524T2|2007-11-08|

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TW200300775A|2003-06-16|

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US7230061B2|2007-06-12|

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TWI239340B|2005-09-11|

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KR100660363B1|2006-12-21|

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EP1454928A1|2004-09-08|

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CN1533405A|2004-09-29|

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US20040110861A1|2004-06-10|

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EP1454928B1|2007-02-28|

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EP1454928A4|2005-04-13|

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DE60218524D1|2007-04-12|

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CN1281638C|2006-10-25|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
2001-12-06|Priority to JP2001372988

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2001-12-06|Priority to JPJP-P-2001-00372988

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2001-12-28|Priority to JP2001399982

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2001-12-28|Priority to JPJP-P-2001-00399982

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2002-12-06|Application filed by 가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이

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2002-12-06|Priority to PCT/JP2002/012805

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2004-07-07|Publication of KR20040062434A

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2006-12-21|Application granted

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2006-12-21|Publication of KR100660363B1

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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JP2001372988|2001-12-06|

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JPJP-P-2001-00372988|2001-12-06|

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JP2001399982|2001-12-28|

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JPJP-P-2001-00399982|2001-12-28|

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PCT/JP2002/012805|WO2003048217A1|2001-12-06|2002-12-06|Process for production of water-soluble acrylic polymers, water-soluble acrylic polymers, and use thereof|